महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-100, verse-34

तामापतन्तीं सहसा द्विधा चिच्छेद भारत ।
क्षुरप्राभ्यां सुतीक्ष्णाभ्यां सान्वकीर्यत भूतले ॥३४॥

34. tāmāpatantīṁ sahasā dvidhā ciccheda bhārata ,
kṣuraprābhyāṁ sutīkṣṇābhyāṁ sānvakīryata bhūtale.

34. tām āpatantīm sahasā dvidhā ciccheda bhārata
kṣuraprābhyām sutīkṣṇābhyām sā anvakīryata bhūtale

34. bhārata sahasā sa tām āpatantīm sutīkṣṇābhyām
kṣuraprābhyām dvidhā ciccheda; sā bhūtale anvakīryata

34. O Bhārata, he (Bhīṣma) suddenly cut that approaching (missile) into two with two very sharp razor-tipped arrows, and it was scattered on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (her, it)

• आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - approaching, falling upon

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcefully

• द्विधा (dvidhā) - in two parts, into two

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, split, divided

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)

• क्षुरप्राभ्याम् (kṣuraprābhyām) - with two razor-tipped arrows

• सुतीक्ष्णाभ्याम् (sutīkṣṇābhyām) - with two very sharp

• सा (sā) - that (she, it)

• अन्वकीर्यत (anvakīryata) - was scattered, was strewn

• भूतले (bhūtale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (her, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine accusative singular.

Note: Direct object.

आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - approaching, falling upon

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpatant

āpatant - approaching, falling, descending

Present Active Participle

From root `pat` (to fall) with prefix `ā`. Feminine accusative singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Present active participle, describing the missile.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcefully

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Adverb.

द्विधा (dvidhā) - in two parts, into two

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix `dhā` added to `dvi` (two).

Note: Adverb.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, split, divided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of chid

Perfect tense

Perfect tense form of root `chid`. Reduplication `ci-cched-a`.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Subject is implied (Bhīṣma, from context of previous Mahabharata verses).

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata, Indian

Vocative singular of `bhārata`.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya.

क्षुरप्राभ्याम् (kṣuraprābhyām) - with two razor-tipped arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of kṣurapra

kṣurapra - a razor-tipped arrow, an arrow with a crescent-shaped head

Compound of `kṣura` (razor) and `pra` (foremost, or implying arrow).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣura+pra)

• kṣura – razor, knife
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣur (class 6)
• pra – foremost, excellent, also a prefix
  indeclinable
  Here it is part of a compound for 'arrow', possibly a shortening of 'prāsa' (spear/dart) or indicating a sharp point.

Note: Indicates the instrument used for cutting.

सुतीक्ष्णाभ्याम् (sutīkṣṇābhyām) - with two very sharp

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of sutīkṣṇa

sutīkṣṇa - very sharp, exceedingly keen, extremely pungent

Compound of `su` (good, very) and `tīkṣṇa` (sharp, keen).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tīkṣṇa)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or goodness.
• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, pointed
  adjective
  Root: tij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies `kṣuraprābhyām`.

सा (sā) - that (she, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine nominative singular.

Note: Subject of the passive verb `anvakīryata`.

अन्वकीर्यत (anvakīryata) - was scattered, was strewn

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of kīr

Imperfect tense, passive voice

From root `kṛ` (to scatter) with prefixes `anu` and `ava`. Passive voice, imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Passive voice verb.

भूतले (bhūtale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - surface of the earth, ground, earth

Compound of `bhū` (earth) and `tala` (surface, plane).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+tala)

• bhū – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• tala – surface, plane, flat ground
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tal (class 1)

Note: Indicates location where it was scattered.