महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-100, verse-17

तथैव द्रुपदो राजा द्रोणं विद्ध्वा शितैः शरैः ।
पुनर्विव्याध सप्तत्या सारथिं चास्य सप्तभिः ॥१७॥

17. tathaiva drupado rājā droṇaṁ viddhvā śitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
punarvivyādha saptatyā sārathiṁ cāsya saptabhiḥ.

17. tathā eva drupadaḥ rājā droṇam viddhvā śitaiḥ śaraiḥ
punaḥ vivyādha saptatyā sārathim ca asya saptabhiḥ

17. tathā eva rājā drupadaḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ droṇam viddhvā
punaḥ droṇam saptatyā asya sārathim ca saptabhiḥ vivyādha

17. Likewise, King Drupada, having wounded Drona with sharp arrows, again pierced him with seventy (arrows), and his charioteer with seven.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - likewise, in the same way (when combined with 'tathā') (indeed, only, just, exactly)

• द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - King Drupada of Pancala (Drupada)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Dronacharya, the preceptor of Pandavas and Kauravas. (Drona)

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced, having wounded

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he wounded

• सप्तत्या (saptatyā) - with seventy arrows (with seventy)

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - Drona's charioteer (charioteer)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - Drona's (his, of him)

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven arrows (with seven)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - likewise, in the same way (when combined with 'tathā') (indeed, only, just, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - King Drupada of Pancala (Drupada)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - name of a king of Pañcāla, father of Draupadi and Dhṛṣṭadyumna

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: In apposition to Drupada.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Dronacharya, the preceptor of Pandavas and Kauravas. (Drona)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - name of a famous warrior and guru in the Mahabharata

Note: Object of 'viddhvā' and implicitly 'vivyādha'.

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced, having wounded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root vyadh (to pierce, strike) + -tvā

Root: vyadh (class 4)

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, keen, sharpened

Past Passive Participle

From root śi (to sharpen)

Root: śi (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, dart

Root: śṛ (class 9)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he wounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect tense

Parasmaipada, 3rd singular, reduplicated root form.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Refers to Drupada's action.

सप्तत्या (saptatyā) - with seventy arrows (with seventy)

(numeral)

Note: Implicitly referring to arrows.

सारथिम् (sārathim) - Drona's charioteer (charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver, guide

From 'sa-ratha' (with chariot)

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'sārathim' with the implicit Drona from the first part.

अस्य (asya) - Drona's (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Drona.

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven arrows (with seven)

(numeral)

Note: Implicitly referring to arrows.