महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-100, verse-33

वार्ष्णेयभुजवेगेन प्रणुन्ना सा महाहवे ।
अभिदुद्राव वेगेन कालरात्रिर्यथा नरम् ॥३३॥

33. vārṣṇeyabhujavegena praṇunnā sā mahāhave ,
abhidudrāva vegena kālarātriryathā naram.

33. vārṣṇeyabhujavegena praṇunnā sā mahāhave
abhidudrāva vegena kālarātriḥ yathā naram

33. vārṣṇeyabhujavegena praṇunnā sā mahāhave
vegena abhidudrāva yathā kālarātriḥ naram

33. Propelled by the force of Vārṣṇeya's arm, that (missile), in the great battle, swiftly rushed forth, just as Kalaratri (the night of doom) rushes upon a man.

Words meanings summery:

• वार्ष्णेयभुजवेगेन (vārṣṇeyabhujavegena) - by the force of Vārṣṇeya's arm

• प्रणुन्ना (praṇunnā) - propelled, impelled, driven forward

• सा (sā) - that (she, it)

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards, attacked

• वेगेन (vegena) - swiftly, with speed, forcefully

• कालरात्रिः (kālarātriḥ) - Kalaratri, the night of universal destruction

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which manner

• नरम् (naram) - a man

Words meanings and morphology

वार्ष्णेयभुजवेगेन (vārṣṇeyabhujavegena) - by the force of Vārṣṇeya's arm

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeyabhujavega

vārṣṇeyabhujavega - the force of Vārṣṇeya's arm

Tatpurusha compound: `vārṣṇeya` (Vārṣṇeya's) + `bhuja` (arm) + `vega` (force).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vārṣṇeya+bhuja+vega)

• vārṣṇeya – descendant of Vṛṣṇi (Krishna)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhuja – arm, hand
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• vega – speed, force, velocity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Indicates the means by which the missile was propelled.

प्रणुन्ना (praṇunnā) - propelled, impelled, driven forward

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of praṇunna

praṇunna - propelled, driven, urged, pushed forward

Past Passive Participle

From root `nud` (to push, impel) with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: nud (class 6)

Note: Past Passive Participle, acting as an adjective for the subject.

सा (sā) - that (she, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine nominative singular.

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhidudrāva'.

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, mighty conflict

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `hava` (battle).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• hava – battle, war, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Indicates the location of the action.

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards, attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of drāv

Perfect tense

From root `dru` (to run) with prefix `abhi`. Perfect tense form (reduplicated `du-drāv-a`).

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - swiftly, with speed, forcefully

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, force, velocity, rush

Instrumental singular of `vega`.

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Indicates the manner of the action.

कालरात्रिः (kālarātriḥ) - Kalaratri, the night of universal destruction

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kālarātri

kālarātri - the night of universal destruction, the night of doom, a formidable goddess

Compound of `kāla` (time, death) and `rātri` (night).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+rātri)

• kāla – time, death, black
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 10)
• rātri – night
  noun (feminine)
  Root: rā (class 2)

Note: Subject in the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which manner

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

Note: Introduces the comparison.

नरम् (naram) - a man

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, hero

Accusative singular of `nara`.

Root: nṛ

Note: Object of the verb (implied in comparison).