महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-35

अतीव मुदितो राजा भ्राजमानोंऽशुमानिव ।
अरञ्जयत्प्रजा वीरो धर्मेण परिपालयन् ॥३५॥

35. atīva mudito rājā bhrājamānoṁ'śumāniva ,
arañjayatprajā vīro dharmeṇa paripālayan.

35. atīva muditaḥ rājā bhrājamānaḥ aṃśumān iva
arañjayat prajā vīraḥ dharmeṇa paripālayan

35. Exceedingly joyful, the heroic king, shining like the sun, pleased his subjects by protecting them according to natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very much, extremely)

• मुदितः (muditaḥ) - joyful (delighted, joyful, pleased, happy)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Nala) (king)

• भ्राजमानः (bhrājamānaḥ) - shining (shining, radiant, lustrous)

• अंशुमान् (aṁśumān) - the sun (radiant, glorious, the sun)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अरञ्जयत् (arañjayat) - he pleased (he pleased, he delighted, he gladdened)

• प्रजा (prajā) - his subjects (subjects, people, progeny, creation)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - the heroic (king) (hero, brave, valiant)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma) (by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty)

• परिपालयन् (paripālayan) - protecting (them) (protecting, preserving, governing)

Words meanings and morphology

अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very much, extremely)

(indeclinable)

मुदितः (muditaḥ) - joyful (delighted, joyful, pleased, happy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mudita

mudita - delighted, pleased, happy

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'mud' with suffix 'kta'.

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - the king (Nala) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj

Note: Subject of the verb 'arañjayat'.

भ्राजमानः (bhrājamānaḥ) - shining (shining, radiant, lustrous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrājamāna

bhrājamāna - shining, radiant

Present Middle Participle

From root 'bhrāj' with suffix 'śānac'.

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

अंशुमान् (aṁśumān) - the sun (radiant, glorious, the sun)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṃśumat

aṁśumat - radiant, glorious, having rays, the sun

Formed from 'aṃśu' (ray) with suffix 'matup'.

Note: Used in comparison.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अरञ्जयत् (arañjayat) - he pleased (he pleased, he delighted, he gladdened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of rañj

Causal, Imperfect tense

From causal stem 'rañjay' (root 'rañj' + 'ṇic'), in 'laṅ' (Imperfect) 3rd person singular.

Root: rañj (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'rājā'.

प्रजा (prajā) - his subjects (subjects, people, progeny, creation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, subjects, people, creation

Root: jan

Note: Object of 'arañjayat'.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - the heroic (king) (hero, brave, valiant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, valiant, brave man

Root: vīr

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma) (by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of action for 'paripālayan'.

परिपालयन् (paripālayan) - protecting (them) (protecting, preserving, governing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paripālayat

paripālayat - protecting, governing

Present Active Participle

From causal stem 'pālay' (root 'pā' + 'ṇic') with prefix 'pari', and suffix 'śatṛ'.

Prefix: pari

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.