महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-23

सापश्यद्विबुधान्सर्वानस्वेदान्स्तब्धलोचनान् ।
हृषितस्रग्रजोहीनान्स्थितानस्पृशतः क्षितिम् ॥२३॥

23. sāpaśyadvibudhānsarvānasvedānstabdhalocanān ,
hṛṣitasragrajohīnānsthitānaspṛśataḥ kṣitim.

23. sā apaśyat vibudhān sarvān asvedān stabdhālocanān
hṛṣitasragrajohīnān sthitān aspṛśataḥ kṣitim

23. She saw all the gods: they were without sweat, had unwavering eyes, possessed fresh garlands, were free from dust, and stood without their feet touching the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - Damayantī (she)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - she saw

• विबुधान् (vibudhān) - the gods, the wise ones

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, entire

• अस्वेदान् (asvedān) - without sweat, sweatless

• स्तब्धालोचनान् (stabdhālocanān) - with fixed gaze, with unwavering eyes

• हृषितस्रग्रजोहीनान् (hṛṣitasragrajohīnān) - with fresh garlands and free from dust

• स्थितान् (sthitān) - standing, situated

• अस्पृशतः (aspṛśataḥ) - not touching, without touching

• क्षितिम् (kṣitim) - the earth, ground

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - Damayantī (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Feminine nominative singular of tad.

Note: Refers to Damayantī.

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - she saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect Active

From root dṛś (to see), with paś as present stem, imperfect a-paś-yat.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विबुधान् (vibudhān) - the gods, the wise ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vibudha

vibudha - wise, learned, intelligent, a god, a deity

From vi (prefix) + budh (to know, awaken).

Prefix: vi

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Object of apaśyat.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, entire

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with vibudhān.

अस्वेदान् (asvedān) - without sweat, sweatless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of asveda

asveda - sweatless, without perspiration

Negative compound (a-) with sveda (sweat).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+sveda)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• sveda – sweat, perspiration
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svid (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vibudhān.

स्तब्धालोचनान् (stabdhālocanān) - with fixed gaze, with unwavering eyes

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of stabdhālocana

stabdhālocana - having fixed eyes, with an unwavering gaze

Compound: stabdhā (feminine of stabdha, fixed) + locana (eye). Stabdha is PPP of stambh (to fix, make rigid).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (stabdha+locana)

• stabdha – fixed, motionless, rigid
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of stambh (to fix, make rigid)
  Root: stambh (class 5)
• locana – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: loc (class 10)

Note: Agrees with vibudhān.

हृषितस्रग्रजोहीनान् (hṛṣitasragrajohīnān) - with fresh garlands and free from dust

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hṛṣitasragrajohīna

hṛṣitasragrajohīna - having fresh garlands and being free from dust

Compound of hṛṣitasrak (fresh garland) and rajohīna (free from dust).

Compound type : dvandva-bahuvrīhi hybrid (hṛṣitasrak+rajohīna)

• hṛṣitasrak – fresh garland
  adjective
• rajohīna – free from dust
  adjective

Note: Agrees with vibudhān.

स्थितान् (sthitān) - standing, situated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, existing

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vibudhān.

अस्पृशतः (aspṛśataḥ) - not touching, without touching

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aspṛśat

aspṛśat - not touching

Present Active Participle

From a- (negative) + spṛś (to touch) + at suffix. Accusative plural masculine form.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+spṛśat)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• spṛśat – touching
  participle
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of spṛś (to touch).
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Modifies vibudhān via sthitān.

क्षितिम् (kṣitim) - the earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, land, dwelling

From root kṣi (to dwell, rule, waste).

Root: kṣi (class 2)

Note: Object of aspṛśataḥ.