महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-31

यमस्त्वन्नरसं प्रादाद्धर्मे च परमां स्थितिम् ।
अपांपतिरपां भावं यत्र वाञ्छति नैषधः ॥३१॥

31. yamastvannarasaṁ prādāddharme ca paramāṁ sthitim ,
apāṁpatirapāṁ bhāvaṁ yatra vāñchati naiṣadhaḥ.

31. yamaḥ tu anna-rasam prādāt dharme ca paramām sthitim
apāṁpatiḥ apām bhāvam yatra vāñchati naiṣadhaḥ

31. Yama, for his part, bestowed the essence of food and the highest stability in his adherence to natural law (dharma). The Lord of Waters (Varuṇa) granted Nala (naiṣadha) the very intrinsic nature (bhāva) of waters wherever he desired.

Words meanings summery:

• यमः (yamaḥ) - The deity Yama (controller, twin, god of death)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• अन्न-रसम् (anna-rasam) - taste of food, essence of food

• प्रादात् (prādāt) - gave, bestowed

• धर्मे (dharme) - In adherence to his natural law (dharma) (in natural law, in constitution, in virtue, in duty)

• च (ca) - and, also

• परमाम् (paramām) - supreme, highest, excellent

• स्थितिम् (sthitim) - state, position, stability, existence

• अपांपतिः (apāṁpatiḥ) - The deity Varuṇa (lord of waters)

• अपाम् (apām) - of waters

• भावम् (bhāvam) - The intrinsic nature of waters (fluidity, coolness, life-giving quality etc.) (being, existence, state, intrinsic nature)

• यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

• वाञ्छति (vāñchati) - desires, wishes

• नैषधः (naiṣadhaḥ) - King Nala, who is from the Niṣadha kingdom (belonging to Niṣadha, king of Niṣadha)

Words meanings and morphology

यमः (yamaḥ) - The deity Yama (controller, twin, god of death)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - controller, twin, god of death, restraint

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Particle of contrast or emphasis.

अन्न-रसम् (anna-rasam) - taste of food, essence of food

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anna-rasa

anna-rasa - the juice or essence of food, taste of food

Compound: anna (food) + rasa (juice, essence, taste).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (anna+rasa)

• anna – food, cooked rice, grain
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ad (to eat) with prefix a- and suffix -na, or just √an (to breathe).
  Root: √ad (class 2)
• rasa – juice, essence, taste, fluid, emotion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √ras (class 1)

प्रादात् (prādāt) - gave, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of pradā

Aorist tense form

The root is √dā with the prefix pra. Aorist tense, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada.

Prefix: pra

Root: √dā (class 3)

धर्मे (dharme) - In adherence to his natural law (dharma) (in natural law, in constitution, in virtue, in duty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, justice

Derived from root √dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

परमाम् (paramām) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, best, ultimate, chief

Superlative degree.

स्थितिम् (sthitim) - state, position, stability, existence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - standing, position, state, stability, condition, duration, existence

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with suffix -ti.

Root: √sthā (class 1)

अपांपतिः (apāṁpatiḥ) - The deity Varuṇa (lord of waters)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apāṁpati

apāṁpati - lord of waters, Varuṇa

Compound: apām (gen. pl. of ap, water) + pati (lord).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (ap+pati)

• ap – water
  noun (feminine)
  Always used in plural.
• pati – lord, master, husband, owner
  noun (masculine)

अपाम् (apām) - of waters

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Always used in plural.

भावम् (bhāvam) - The intrinsic nature of waters (fluidity, coolness, life-giving quality etc.) (being, existence, state, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - being, existence, state, condition, intrinsic nature, sentiment, feeling

Derived from root √bhū (to be, exist).

Root: √bhū (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

(indeclinable)

Derived from relative pronoun yad with suffix -tra.

वाञ्छति (vāñchati) - desires, wishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vāñch

Root of the 1st conjugation class.

Root: √vāñch (class 1)

नैषधः (naiṣadhaḥ) - King Nala, who is from the Niṣadha kingdom (belonging to Niṣadha, king of Niṣadha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - a king of the Niṣadha country, Nala

Derived from Niṣadha (name of a country/tribe).