महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-1

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
अथ काले शुभे प्राप्ते तिथौ पुण्ये क्षणे तथा ।
आजुहाव महीपालान्भीमो राजा स्वयंवरे ॥१॥

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
atha kāle śubhe prāpte tithau puṇye kṣaṇe tathā ,
ājuhāva mahīpālānbhīmo rājā svayaṁvare.

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca atha kāle śubhe prāpte tithau puṇye
kṣaṇe tathā ājuhāva mahīpālān bhīmaḥ rājā svayaṃvare

1. Bṛhadaśva said: Then, when an auspicious time, a sacred lunar day, and a propitious moment had arrived, King Bhīma invited the rulers to the self-choice ceremony (svayaṃvara).

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• काले (kāle) - at the time

• शुभे (śubhe) - auspicious, propitious

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having arrived, obtained, reached

• तिथौ (tithau) - on the lunar day, on the date

• पुण्ये (puṇye) - sacred, meritorious, holy

• क्षणे (kṣaṇe) - at the moment, instant

• तथा (tathā) - and, similarly

• आजुहाव (ājuhāva) - invited, called

• महीपालान् (mahīpālān) - kings, rulers, protectors of the earth

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (proper noun)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• स्वयंवरे (svayaṁvare) - to the self-choice ceremony

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage)

Note: The narrator of this section of the text.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Derived from root vac through reduplication and irregularities.

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the beginning of a new narrative section.

काले (kāle) - at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

Note: Denotes 'when'.

शुभे (śubhe) - auspicious, propitious

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, propitious, good, beautiful

Note: Agrees with 'kāle'.

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having arrived, obtained, reached

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived, come

Past Passive Participle

From root āp 'to obtain, to reach' with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'kāle', 'tithau', and 'kṣaṇe'. Used as a participle.

तिथौ (tithau) - on the lunar day, on the date

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tithi

tithi - lunar day, date

Note: Refers to the specific lunar day.

पुण्ये (puṇye) - sacred, meritorious, holy

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of puṇya

puṇya - auspicious, sacred, meritorious, holy

Note: Agrees with 'tithau'.

क्षणे (kṣaṇe) - at the moment, instant

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, leisure, festival

Note: Agrees with 'prāpte'.

तथा (tathā) - and, similarly

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of temporal qualifiers.

आजुहाव (ājuhāva) - invited, called

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of hū

Prefix: ā

Root: hū (class 3)

Note: Reduplicated perfect form with ā-prefix.

महीपालान् (mahīpālān) - kings, rulers, protectors of the earth

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - earth-protector, king, ruler

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā 'to protect'
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'ājuhāva'.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of one of the Pāṇḍava brothers)

Note: Subject of 'ājuhāva'.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Appositive to 'bhīmaḥ'.

स्वयंवरे (svayaṁvare) - to the self-choice ceremony

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svayaṃvara

svayaṁvara - self-choice (of a husband by a princess), ceremony of self-choice

Note: Denotes the occasion for the invitation.