महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-259, verse-31

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
यस्माद्राक्षसयोनौ ते जातस्यामित्रकर्शन ।
नाधर्मे रमते बुद्धिरमरत्वं ददामि ते ॥३१॥

31. brahmovāca ,
yasmādrākṣasayonau te jātasyāmitrakarśana ,
nādharme ramate buddhiramaratvaṁ dadāmi te.

31. brahmā uvāca yasmāt rākṣasayonau te jātasya amitrakarśana
na adharme ramate buddhiḥ amaratvam dadāmi te

31. Brahma said: 'Because your intellect (buddhi), O destroyer of enemies, though born in a lineage of `rākṣasas` (demons), does not delight in unrighteousness (adharma), I grant you immortality.'

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, since, from which

• राक्षसयोनौ (rākṣasayonau) - Vibhishana's birth in a family of rākṣasas (demons). (in the demon lineage/womb)

• ते (te) - your, of you

• जातस्य (jātasya) - Referring to Vibhishana, who is born in the Rākṣasa lineage. (of one who is born)

• अमित्रकर्शन (amitrakarśana) - An epithet for Vibhishana (O destroyer of enemies)

• न (na) - not, no

• अधर्मे (adharme) - in unrighteousness, in what is contrary to natural law (dharma)

• रमते (ramate) - delights, takes pleasure, enjoys

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, mind, understanding

• अमरत्वम् (amaratvam) - immortality, deathlessness

• ददामि (dadāmi) - I give, I grant

• ते (te) - to you

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahma (the creator god), sacred word/knowledge, the Absolute (brahman)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, since, from which

(indeclinable)

राक्षसयोनौ (rākṣasayonau) - Vibhishana's birth in a family of rākṣasas (demons). (in the demon lineage/womb)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rākṣasayoni

rākṣasayoni - demon-womb, demon-lineage, born of rākṣasas

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī-Tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+yoni)

• rākṣasa – a demon, an evil spirit, belonging to rākṣasas
  noun (masculine)
• yoni – womb, origin, source, lineage, family
  noun (feminine)

ते (te) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

जातस्य (jātasya) - Referring to Vibhishana, who is born in the Rākṣasa lineage. (of one who is born)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √jan (to be born, to produce)

Root: jan (class 4)

अमित्रकर्शन (amitrakarśana) - An epithet for Vibhishana (O destroyer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of amitrakarśana

amitrakarśana - destroyer of enemies, subjugator of foes

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (amitra+karśana)

• amitra – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  A- (negation) + mitra (friend)
• karśana – making lean, emaciating, tormenting, destroying
  verbal derivative (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root √kṛś (to make thin, weaken, destroy) with suffix -ana.
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अधर्मे (adharme) - in unrighteousness, in what is contrary to natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice, what is contrary to natural law (dharma)

A- (negation) + dharma (natural law/righteousness)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

रमते (ramate) - delights, takes pleasure, enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ram

Root: ram (class 1)

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, mind, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, mind, understanding, perception, reason

Derived from root √budh (to know, perceive)

Root: budh (class 1)

अमरत्वम् (amaratvam) - immortality, deathlessness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amaratva

amaratva - immortality, deathlessness, eternal existence

Derived from amara (immortal) + -tva (suffix forming abstract nouns)

ददामि (dadāmi) - I give, I grant

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)