महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-259, verse-10

दशग्रीवस्तु सर्वेषां ज्येष्ठो राक्षसपुंगवः ।
महोत्साहो महावीर्यो महासत्त्वपराक्रमः ॥१०॥

10. daśagrīvastu sarveṣāṁ jyeṣṭho rākṣasapuṁgavaḥ ,
mahotsāho mahāvīryo mahāsattvaparākramaḥ.

10. daśagrīvaḥ tu sarveṣām jyeṣṭhaḥ rākṣasapuṅgavaḥ
mahotsāhaḥ mahāvīryaḥ mahāsattvaparākramaḥ

10. Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa), however, was the eldest of all (his brothers) and the foremost among the Rākṣasas. He possessed immense enthusiasm, great valor, and remarkable strength and courage.

Words meanings summery:

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - The Rākṣasa king Daśagrīva, also known as Rāvaṇa (Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa, lit. 'ten-necked'))

• तु (tu) - however (introducing Daśagrīva after Vibhīṣaṇa) (but, however, indeed)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (his brothers/family) (of all)

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest (brother) (eldest, oldest, chief)

• राक्षसपुङ्गवः (rākṣasapuṅgavaḥ) - the foremost among the Rākṣasas (bull among Rākṣasas, best of Rākṣasas, foremost Rākṣasa)

• महोत्साहः (mahotsāhaḥ) - possessing great enthusiasm (great energy, great enthusiasm)

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - possessing great valor (great valor, great prowess)

• महासत्त्वपराक्रमः (mahāsattvaparākramaḥ) - possessing great strength and courage (great strength and valor, great courage and power)

Words meanings and morphology

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - The Rākṣasa king Daśagrīva, also known as Rāvaṇa (Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa, lit. 'ten-necked'))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - Daśagrīva, Rāvaṇa (lit. 'ten-necked')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daśan+grīvā)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

तु (tu) - however (introducing Daśagrīva after Vibhīṣaṇa) (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (his brothers/family) (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Genitive for comparison, 'the eldest of all'.

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest (brother) (eldest, oldest, chief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, oldest, chief, best

Superlative of 'vṛddha' (old)

Note: Qualifies Daśagrīva.

राक्षसपुङ्गवः (rākṣasapuṅgavaḥ) - the foremost among the Rākṣasas (bull among Rākṣasas, best of Rākṣasas, foremost Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasapuṅgava

rākṣasapuṅgava - foremost Rākṣasa, excellent Rākṣasa (lit. 'bull among Rākṣasas')

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+puṅgava)

• rākṣasa – Rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, excellent, chief, foremost
  noun (masculine)

महोत्साहः (mahotsāhaḥ) - possessing great enthusiasm (great energy, great enthusiasm)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahotsāha

mahotsāha - great energy, great enthusiasm, highly energetic

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+utsāha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• utsāha – energy, enthusiasm, exertion, vigor
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Daśagrīva.

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - possessing great valor (great valor, great prowess)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - great valor, great prowess, highly powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, prowess, strength, heroism
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Daśagrīva.

महासत्त्वपराक्रमः (mahāsattvaparākramaḥ) - possessing great strength and courage (great strength and valor, great courage and power)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāsattvaparākrama

mahāsattvaparākrama - of great strength and valor, possessing great courage and might

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+sattva+parākrama)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• sattva – strength, courage, essence, being
  noun (neuter)
• parākrama – valor, prowess, heroism, might
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Daśagrīva.