महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-259, verse-27

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
एवमुक्तो दशग्रीवस्तुष्टः समभवत्तदा ।
अवमेने हि दुर्बुद्धिर्मनुष्यान्पुरुषादकः ॥२७॥

27. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
evamukto daśagrīvastuṣṭaḥ samabhavattadā ,
avamene hi durbuddhirmanuṣyānpuruṣādakaḥ.

27. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca evam uktaḥ daśagrīvaḥ tuṣṭaḥ sam
abhavat tadā avamene hi durbuddhiḥ manuṣyān puruṣādakaḥ

27. Mārkaṇḍeya said, 'Having been addressed thus, Daśagrīva (Ravana) became satisfied then. Indeed, that foolish man-eater (puruṣādaka) despised humans.'

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, told

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Refers to Ravana, king of Lanka. (Daśagrīva (Ravana, 'the ten-necked one'))

• तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, content

• सम् (sam) - together, completely, well (prefix)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अवमेने (avamene) - he disdained, despised, disregarded

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - Referring to Ravana, implying his poor judgment. (the foolish one, one with evil or dull intellect)

• मनुष्यान् (manuṣyān) - humans, human beings

• पुरुषादकः (puruṣādakaḥ) - An epithet for a Rākṣasa, specifically Ravana. (the man-eater, cannibal)

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a legendary ancient sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, told

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Refers to Ravana, king of Lanka. (Daśagrīva (Ravana, 'the ten-necked one'))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - ten-necked (an epithet of Ravana)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśa+grīva)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• grīva – neck
  noun (feminine)

तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, content

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tuṣṭa

tuṣṭa - pleased, satisfied, content, happy

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'tuṣ' (to be pleased).

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

सम् (sam) - together, completely, well (prefix)

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अवमेने (avamene) - he disdained, despised, disregarded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of man

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - Referring to Ravana, implying his poor judgment. (the foolish one, one with evil or dull intellect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbuddhi

durbuddhi - evil-minded, foolish, having bad intellect

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+buddhi)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

मनुष्यान् (manuṣyān) - humans, human beings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human being, man

पुरुषादकः (puruṣādakaḥ) - An epithet for a Rākṣasa, specifically Ravana. (the man-eater, cannibal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣādaka

puruṣādaka - man-eater, cannibal (often used for Rākṣasas)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ādaka)

• puruṣa – man, male, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ādaka – eater, consumer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root 'ad' (to eat) with suffix '-aka'.
  Root: ad (class 2)