महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-259, verse-2

बुबुधे तं तु सक्रोधं पितरं राक्षसेश्वरः ।
कुबेरस्तत्प्रसादार्थं यतते स्म सदा नृप ॥२॥

2. bubudhe taṁ tu sakrodhaṁ pitaraṁ rākṣaseśvaraḥ ,
kuberastatprasādārthaṁ yatate sma sadā nṛpa.

2. bubudhe tam tu sa-krodham pitaram rākṣasa-īśvaraḥ
kuberaḥ tat-prasāda-artham yatate sma sadā nṛpa

2. O king, the lord of Rākṣasas (Kubera) indeed understood him, his angry father. Kubera always strove for his favor (prasāda).

Words meanings summery:

• बुबुधे (bubudhe) - he understood (he understood, he knew, he perceived)

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Viśravā) (him, that)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• स-क्रोधम् (sa-krodham) - angry, with anger

• पितरम् (pitaram) - his father (Viśravā) (father)

• राक्षस-ईश्वरः (rākṣasa-īśvaraḥ) - Kubera, who was the lord of Rākṣasas before Rāvaṇa (lord of Rākṣasas, chief of demons)

• कुबेरः (kuberaḥ) - Kubera (god of wealth)

• तत्-प्रसाद-अर्थम् (tat-prasāda-artham) - for the appeasement or favor of his father (Viśravā) (for his grace/favor, for his appeasement)

• यतते (yatate) - he strove (he strives, endeavors, makes an effort)

• स्म (sma) - forms past tense with 'yatate' (indeed, truly; (used with present tense verb to form past tense))

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king!

Words meanings and morphology

बुबुधे (bubudhe) - he understood (he understood, he knew, he perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (Lit) of budh

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root budh (to know), perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada). Reduplicated form.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'rākṣaseśvaraḥ' (Kubera).

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Viśravā) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'bubudhe'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

स-क्रोधम् (sa-krodham) - angry, with anger

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sa-krodha

sa-krodha - with anger, angry, furious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+krodha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  from root krudh
  Root: krudh (class 4)

पितरम् (pitaram) - his father (Viśravā) (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Object of 'bubudhe'.

राक्षस-ईश्वरः (rākṣasa-īśvaraḥ) - Kubera, who was the lord of Rākṣasas before Rāvaṇa (lord of Rākṣasas, chief of demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa-īśvara

rākṣasa-īśvara - lord of Rākṣasas, chief of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+īśvara)

• rākṣasa – a Rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  from īś (to rule)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'bubudhe'.

कुबेरः (kuberaḥ) - Kubera (god of wealth)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kubera

kubera - Kubera (the god of wealth, king of the Yakṣas and Rākṣasas, son of Viśravā)

Note: Subject of 'yatate sma'.

तत्-प्रसाद-अर्थम् (tat-prasāda-artham) - for the appeasement or favor of his father (Viśravā) (for his grace/favor, for his appeasement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tat-prasāda-artha

tat-prasāda-artha - for the sake of his grace/favor/appeasement

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+prasāda+artha)

• tad – that, his
  pronoun (neuter)
• prasāda – grace, favor, clemency, tranquility
  noun (masculine)
  from pra-sad (to be gracious)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative.

यतते (yatate) - he strove (he strives, endeavors, makes an effort)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of yat

present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root yat (to strive), present tense (laṭ), 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to convey past continuous/habitual action.

स्म (sma) - forms past tense with 'yatate' (indeed, truly; (used with present tense verb to form past tense))

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

from nṛ (man) + pa (protector/drinker, from pā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler; drinker
  noun (masculine)
  from root pā (to protect or to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)