महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-259, verse-1

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
पुलस्त्यस्य तु यः क्रोधादर्धदेहोऽभवन्मुनिः ।
विश्रवा नाम सक्रोधः स वैश्रवणमैक्षत ॥१॥

1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
pulastyasya tu yaḥ krodhādardhadeho'bhavanmuniḥ ,
viśravā nāma sakrodhaḥ sa vaiśravaṇamaikṣata.

1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca pulastyasya tu yaḥ krodhāt ardha-dehaḥ
abhavat muniḥ viśravā nāma sa-krodhaḥ sa vaiśravaṇam aikṣata

1. Mārkaṇḍeya said: Indeed, the sage named Viśravā, who was of Pulastya and became emaciated from anger, that angry one then saw Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera).

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• पुलस्त्यस्य (pulastyasya) - of Pulastya

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to Viśravā) (who, which)

• क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, out of anger

• अर्ध-देहः (ardha-dehaḥ) - emaciated or diminished in form, likely due to intense emotion or asceticism (half-bodied, having half a body)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, happened, existed)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage Viśravā (sage, ascetic, contemplative person)

• विश्रवा (viśravā) - Viśravā (father of Kubera and Rāvaṇa) (Viśravā (name of a sage, son of Pulastya))

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• स-क्रोधः (sa-krodhaḥ) - with anger, angry

• स (sa) - he (referring to Viśravā) (he, that)

• वैश्रवणम् (vaiśravaṇam) - Vaiśravaṇa, the god of wealth (Kubera), son of Viśravā (Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera))

• ऐक्षत (aikṣata) - he saw, looked at

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (a celebrated ancient sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root vac (to speak), perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular, active voice. The 'u' is an augment.

Root: vac (class 2)

पुलस्त्यस्य (pulastyasya) - of Pulastya

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pulastya

pulastya - Pulastya (name of one of the Prajāpatis, father of Viśravā)

Note: Denotes possession or relation.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to Viśravā) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, out of anger

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury

from root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates cause or origin.

अर्ध-देहः (ardha-dehaḥ) - emaciated or diminished in form, likely due to intense emotion or asceticism (half-bodied, having half a body)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ardha-deha

ardha-deha - half-bodied, having half a body

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ardha+deha)

• ardha – half, a part, portion
  noun (masculine)
• deha – body, form, physical frame
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'muniḥ'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, happened, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of bhū

imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root bhū (to be), imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person singular, active voice. The 'a' is an augment.

Root: bhū (class 1)

मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage Viśravā (sage, ascetic, contemplative person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint

Root: man (class 4)

विश्रवा (viśravā) - Viśravā (father of Kubera and Rāvaṇa) (Viśravā (name of a sage, son of Pulastya))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśravas

viśravas - Viśravas (name of a sage, son of Pulastya)

Root: śru (class 5)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Used as an indeclinable to mean 'by name'.

स-क्रोधः (sa-krodhaḥ) - with anger, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sa-krodha

sa-krodha - with anger, angry, furious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+krodha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  from root krudh
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sa' (he), referring to Viśravā.

स (sa) - he (referring to Viśravā) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वैश्रवणम् (vaiśravaṇam) - Vaiśravaṇa, the god of wealth (Kubera), son of Viśravā (Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiśravaṇa

vaiśravaṇa - Vaiśravaṇa (an epithet of Kubera, son of Viśravas)

Patronymic from Viśravas.

Note: Object of 'aikṣata'.

ऐक्षत (aikṣata) - he saw, looked at

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of īkṣ

imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root īkṣ (to see), imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada). The 'a' is an augment.

Root: īkṣ (class 1)