महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-259, verse-19

खरः शूर्पणखा चैव तेषां वै तप्यतां तपः ।
परिचर्यां च रक्षां च चक्रतुर्हृष्टमानसौ ॥१९॥

19. kharaḥ śūrpaṇakhā caiva teṣāṁ vai tapyatāṁ tapaḥ ,
paricaryāṁ ca rakṣāṁ ca cakraturhṛṣṭamānasau.

19. kharaḥ śūrpaṇakhā ca eva teṣām vai tapyatām tapaḥ
paricaryām ca rakṣām ca cakratuḥ hṛṣṭamānasau

19. Khara and Śūrpaṇakhā, indeed, with joyful minds, rendered service and protection to them (the brothers) so that their asceticism (tapas) might be properly accomplished.

Words meanings summery:

• खरः (kharaḥ) - Khara

• शूर्पणखा (śūrpaṇakhā) - Śūrpaṇakhā

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of or for the three brothers (Daśagrīva, Kumbhakarṇa, Vibhīṣaṇa) (of them, for them)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• तप्यताम् (tapyatām) - so that (their asceticism) might be accomplished (let it be performed (for the purpose of being performed))

• तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism, penance (tapas)

• परिचर्याम् (paricaryām) - attendance, service, worship

• च (ca) - and

• रक्षाम् (rakṣām) - protection, guarding

• च (ca) - and

• चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they both did, they both performed

• हृष्टमानसौ (hṛṣṭamānasau) - with joyful minds, glad-hearted

Words meanings and morphology

खरः (kharaḥ) - Khara

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - sharp, harsh, cruel (proper name)

शूर्पणखा (śūrpaṇakhā) - Śūrpaṇakhā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śūrpaṇakhā

śūrpaṇakhā - having nails like winnowing fans (proper name)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śūrpa+nakha)

• śūrpa – winnowing basket
  noun (neuter)
• nakha – nail, claw
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of or for the three brothers (Daśagrīva, Kumbhakarṇa, Vibhīṣaṇa) (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Used in a dative sense (for them).

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

तप्यताम् (tapyatām) - so that (their asceticism) might be accomplished (let it be performed (for the purpose of being performed))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, Imperative (lot) of tap

Imperative (3rd person singular, passive)

From root tap, passive voice (ya), 3rd person singular imperative (tām). Although 'tām' is typically plural for ātmanepada, this form can be used as a singular passive imperative for neuter nouns like 'tapas'.

Root: tap (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism, penance (tapas)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, penance, asceticism, spiritual austerity (tapas)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Nom./acc. singular, serves as the subject for the implied 'tapyatām' clause.

परिचर्याम् (paricaryām) - attendance, service, worship

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paricaryā

paricaryā - attendance, service, worship, homage, ministration

From root car (to move, to practice) with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of cakratuḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रक्षाम् (rakṣām) - protection, guarding

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rakṣā

rakṣā - protection, guarding, preservation, custody

From root rakṣ (to protect).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of cakratuḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they both did, they both performed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, Perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect (liṭ)

Root kṛ, Parasmaipada, 3rd person dual, reduplicated.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to Khara and Śūrpaṇakhā.

हृष्टमानसौ (hṛṣṭamānasau) - with joyful minds, glad-hearted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of hṛṣṭamānasa

hṛṣṭamānasa - glad-minded, cheerful, with a joyful spirit

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (hṛṣṭa+mānasa)

• hṛṣṭa – rejoiced, glad, delighted, thrilled
  participle adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hṛṣ (to rejoice, be glad).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• mānasa – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from manas (mind).

Note: Dual adjective describing both Khara (masc.) and Śūrpaṇakhā (fem.), with the masculine form being used for the pair.