महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-214, verse-4

अग्निरुवाच ।
कथं मां त्वं विजानीषे कामार्तमितराः कथम् ।
यास्त्वया कीर्तिताः सर्वाः सप्तर्षीणां प्रियाः स्त्रियः ॥४॥

4. agniruvāca ,
kathaṁ māṁ tvaṁ vijānīṣe kāmārtamitarāḥ katham ,
yāstvayā kīrtitāḥ sarvāḥ saptarṣīṇāṁ priyāḥ striyaḥ.

4. agniḥ uvāca katham mām tvam vijānīṣe kāmārtam itarāḥ katham
yāḥ tvayā kīrtitāḥ sarvāḥ saptarṣīṇām priyāḥ striyaḥ

4. Agni said, "How is it that you know me to be tormented by desire (kāma)? And how do the other dear wives of the seven sages, all of whom you have spoken of, know this?"

Words meanings summery:

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire, Agni (god of fire)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• माम् (mām) - me

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• विजानीषे (vijānīṣe) - you know, you understand

• कामार्तम् (kāmārtam) - afflicted by desire, tormented by desire (kāma)

• इतराः (itarāḥ) - others

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• याः (yāḥ) - who, which

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• कीर्तिताः (kīrtitāḥ) - praised, mentioned, described

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, entire

• सप्तर्षीणाम् (saptarṣīṇām) - of the seven sages, of the Saptarṣis

• प्रियाः (priyāḥ) - dear, beloved

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women, wives

Words meanings and morphology

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire, Agni (god of fire)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

विजानीषे (vijānīṣe) - you know, you understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vijñā

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

कामार्तम् (kāmārtam) - afflicted by desire, tormented by desire (kāma)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmārta

kāmārta - tormented by desire

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+ārta)

• kāma – desire, love, Cupid (kāma)
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ with ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

इतराः (itarāḥ) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of itara

itara - other, different

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

याः (yāḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

कीर्तिताः (kīrtitāḥ) - praised, mentioned, described

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kīrtita

kīrtita - praised, mentioned, described

Past Passive Participle

From root kīrt

Root: kīrt (class 10)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, entire

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

सप्तर्षीणाम् (saptarṣīṇām) - of the seven sages, of the Saptarṣis

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of saptarṣi

saptarṣi - seven sages, Saptarṣis (constellation Ursa Major)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saptan+ṛṣi)

• saptan – seven
  numeral
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

प्रियाः (priyāḥ) - dear, beloved

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women, wives

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife