महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-195, verse-36

कुवलाश्वस्तु नृपतिर्धुन्धुमार इति स्मृतः ।
नाम्ना च गुणसंयुक्तस्तदा प्रभृति सोऽभवत् ॥३६॥

36. kuvalāśvastu nṛpatirdhundhumāra iti smṛtaḥ ,
nāmnā ca guṇasaṁyuktastadā prabhṛti so'bhavat.

36. kuvalāśvaḥ tu nṛpatiḥ dhundhumāraḥ iti smṛtaḥ
nāmnā ca guṇasaṃyuktaḥ tadā prabhṛti saḥ abhavat

36. King Kuvalāśva, however, was thus known as Dhundhumāra (Dhundhu-slayer), and from that time onwards, he became associated with this quality by name.

Words meanings summery:

• कुवलाश्वः (kuvalāśvaḥ) - The king who slew Dhundhu. (King Kuvalāśva)

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, ruler

• धुन्धुमारः (dhundhumāraḥ) - The title gained by King Kuvalāśva after killing the demon Dhundhu. (Dhundhumāra (Dhundhu-killer))

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, known, called

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• गुणसंयुक्तः (guṇasaṁyuktaḥ) - associated with the quality (of being Dhundhumāra) (associated with qualities, endowed with qualities)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from that time, onwards, beginning with

• सः (saḥ) - he (Kuvalāśva) (he, that)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

Words meanings and morphology

कुवलाश्वः (kuvalāśvaḥ) - The king who slew Dhundhu. (King Kuvalāśva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuvalāśva

kuvalāśva - Kuvalāśva (name of a king)

Note: Subject.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kuvalāśvaḥ'.

धुन्धुमारः (dhundhumāraḥ) - The title gained by King Kuvalāśva after killing the demon Dhundhu. (Dhundhumāra (Dhundhu-killer))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhundhumāra

dhundhumāra - Dhundhu-killer (a proper name/epithet)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhundhu+māra)

• dhundhu – Dhundhu (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• māra – killer, destroyer, causing death
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root mṛ (to kill, to die).
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Predicate nominative.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, known, called

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recalled, known, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

From root 'smṛ' (to remember).

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kuvalāśvaḥ'.

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

Note: Indicates the means or manner.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

गुणसंयुक्तः (guṇasaṁyuktaḥ) - associated with the quality (of being Dhundhumāra) (associated with qualities, endowed with qualities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇasaṃyukta

guṇasaṁyukta - connected with qualities, endowed with qualities, qualified

Past Passive Participle (of 'saṃyuj')

From 'guṇa' (quality) + 'saṃyukta' (joined with).

Compound type : tatpurusha (guṇa+saṃyukta)

• guṇa – quality, attribute, virtue, strand
  noun (masculine)
  Root: guṇ (class 10)
• saṃyukta – joined, connected, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'yuj' with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (Kuvalāśva).

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Root: tad

प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from that time, onwards, beginning with

(indeclinable)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverbial phrase with 'tadā'.

सः (saḥ) - he (Kuvalāśva) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'saḥ' (Kuvalāśva).