महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-195, verse-18

नारायणेन कौरव्य तेजसाप्यायितस्तदा ।
स गतो नृपतिः क्षिप्रं पुत्रैस्तैः सर्वतोदिशम् ॥१८॥

18. nārāyaṇena kauravya tejasāpyāyitastadā ,
sa gato nṛpatiḥ kṣipraṁ putraistaiḥ sarvatodiśam.

18. nārāyaṇena kauravya tejasā āpyāyitaḥ tadā saḥ
gataḥ nṛpatiḥ kṣipraṃ putraiḥ taiḥ sarvatodiśam

18. O descendant of Kuru, that king, then strengthened by the power (tejas) of Nārāyaṇa, quickly went in all directions with those sons.

Words meanings summery:

• नारायणेन (nārāyaṇena) - by Nārāyaṇa

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - Addressing the listener of the Mahābhārata narrative. (O descendant of Kuru)

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor, by power (tejas), by energy

• आप्यायितः (āpyāyitaḥ) - strengthened, invigorated, nourished

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the king Kuvalāśva. (he, that)

• गतः (gataḥ) - went, gone

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - Refers to Kuvalāśva. (king)

• क्षिप्रं (kṣipraṁ) - quickly, swiftly

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by sons, with sons

• तैः (taiḥ) - Referring to specific sons mentioned earlier. (by those, with those)

• सर्वतोदिशम् (sarvatodiśam) - in all directions

Words meanings and morphology

नारायणेन (nārāyaṇena) - by Nārāyaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Nārāyaṇa (a name of Viṣṇu)

कौरव्य (kauravya) - Addressing the listener of the Mahābhārata narrative. (O descendant of Kuru)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kuru clan

Derived from 'kuru' (name of a king/clan) with the 'vya' suffix.

तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor, by power (tejas), by energy

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, glory, power, energy, fiery energy

आप्यायितः (āpyāyitaḥ) - strengthened, invigorated, nourished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpyāyita

āpyāyita - nourished, invigorated, strengthened, swollen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pyāy (to swell, thrive) with prefix ā, causative form.

Prefix: ā

Root: √pyāy (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative of 'tad'.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the king Kuvalāśva. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गतः (gataḥ) - went, gone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √gam (to go) with kta suffix.

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Here, functionally active: 'he went'.

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - Refers to Kuvalāśva. (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound of nṛ (man) and pati (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

क्षिप्रं (kṣipraṁ) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially.

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by sons, with sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Note: Indicates accompaniment ('with sons').

तैः (taiḥ) - Referring to specific sons mentioned earlier. (by those, with those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

सर्वतोदिशम् (sarvatodiśam) - in all directions

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound of sarvatas (from all sides) and diś (direction).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sarvatas+diś)

• sarvatas – from all sides, everywhere
  indeclinable
• diś – direction, quarter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Functions as an adverb.