महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-195, verse-1

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
धुन्धुर्नाम महातेजास्तयोः पुत्रो महाद्युतिः ।
स तपोऽतप्यत महन्महावीर्यपराक्रमः ॥१॥

1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
dhundhurnāma mahātejāstayoḥ putro mahādyutiḥ ,
sa tapo'tapyata mahanmahāvīryaparākramaḥ.

1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca dhundhuḥ nāma mahātejāḥ tayoḥ putraḥ
mahādyutiḥ saḥ tapaḥ atapyata mahat mahāvīryaparākramaḥ

1. Mārkaṇḍeya said: "Of those two, a son named Dhundhu was born, possessing great brilliance and splendor. He, endowed with immense valor and prowess, performed great austerity (tapas)."

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• धुन्धुः (dhundhuḥ) - Dhundhu (a proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named, indeed

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great splendor, very radiant, illustrious

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, to those two

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - of great brilliance, very splendid

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, heat

• अतप्यत (atapyata) - performed austerity, was heated, mortified oneself

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, immense

• महावीर्यपराक्रमः (mahāvīryaparākramaḥ) - of great valor and prowess, possessing immense strength and courage

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (a celebrated ancient sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect Tense form

From root vac, 3rd person singular, Perfect tense (Liṭ lakāra), Parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

धुन्धुः (dhundhuḥ) - Dhundhu (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhundhu

dhundhu - Dhundhu (name of a rākṣasa, later a son of king Kṣuṣuka)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named, indeed

(indeclinable)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great splendor, very radiant, illustrious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - great splendor, great radiance; (as adjective) possessing great splendor/radiance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, power
  noun (neuter)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, to those two

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - of great brilliance, very splendid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādyuti

mahādyuti - great brilliance, great splendor; (as adjective) possessing great brilliance/splendor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+dyuti)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• dyuti – splendor, brilliance, light
  noun (feminine)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, heat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth; spiritual fervor, austerity, penance; religious meditation

अतप्यत (atapyata) - performed austerity, was heated, mortified oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of atapyata

Imperfect Tense form

From root tap, 3rd person singular, Imperfect tense (Laṅ lakāra), Ātmanepada

Root: tap (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, immense

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Qualifies 'tapas'

महावीर्यपराक्रमः (mahāvīryaparākramaḥ) - of great valor and prowess, possessing immense strength and courage

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīryaparākrama

mahāvīryaparākrama - great valor and prowess; (as adjective) possessing great valor and prowess

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya+parākrama)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, heroism, strength, energy
  noun (neuter)
• parākrama – prowess, valor, might, courage
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'