महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-195, verse-29

सोऽस्त्रेण दग्ध्वा राजर्षिः कुवलाश्वो महासुरम् ।
सुरशत्रुममित्रघ्नस्त्रिलोकेश इवापरः ।
धुन्धुमार इति ख्यातो नाम्ना समभवत्ततः ॥२९॥

29. so'streṇa dagdhvā rājarṣiḥ kuvalāśvo mahāsuram ,
suraśatrumamitraghnastrilokeśa ivāparaḥ ,
dhundhumāra iti khyāto nāmnā samabhavattataḥ.

29. saḥ astreṇa dagdhvā rājarṣiḥ kuvalāśvaḥ
mahāsuram suraśatrum amitraghnaḥ
trilokeśaḥ iva aparaḥ dhundhumāraḥ
iti khyātaḥ nāmnā samabhavat tataḥ

29. That royal sage Kuvalāśva, a slayer of enemies, like another lord of the three worlds, having burned the great asura, the enemy of the gods, with his weapon, thereafter became renowned by the name Dhundhumāra.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अस्त्रेण (astreṇa) - by weapon, with a missile

• दग्ध्वा (dagdhvā) - having burnt

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage, king-sage

• कुवलाश्वः (kuvalāśvaḥ) - Kuvalāśva

• महासुरम् (mahāsuram) - the great asura

• सुरशत्रुम् (suraśatrum) - the enemy of the gods

• अमित्रघ्नः (amitraghnaḥ) - slayer of enemies

• त्रिलोकेशः (trilokeśaḥ) - lord of the three worlds

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - another, other, second

• धुन्धुमारः (dhundhumāraḥ) - Dhundhumāra

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - famous, renowned

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name, by the name

• समभवत् (samabhavat) - became, was born, originated

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अस्त्रेण (astreṇa) - by weapon, with a missile

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile

दग्ध्वा (dagdhvā) - having burnt

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive from root dah

Root: dah (class 1)

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage, king-sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king and sage

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

कुवलाश्वः (kuvalāśvaḥ) - Kuvalāśva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuvalāśva

kuvalāśva - Kuvalāśva (name of a king)

महासुरम् (mahāsuram) - the great asura

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāsura

mahāsura - great demon, great asura

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+asura)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• asura – demon, titan, anti-god
  noun (masculine)

सुरशत्रुम् (suraśatrum) - the enemy of the gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suraśatru

suraśatru - enemy of the gods

Compound type : tatpurusha (sura+śatru)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)

अमित्रघ्नः (amitraghnaḥ) - slayer of enemies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amitraghna

amitraghna - slayer of enemies, enemy-killer

Agent Noun

derived from root han (to strike/kill) preceded by amitra

Compound type : tatpurusha (amitra+ghna)

• a-mitra – enemy, foe (lit. not a friend)
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killing, destroying, slayer
  adjective
  Agent Noun
  derived from root han (to strike/kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

त्रिलोकेशः (trilokeśaḥ) - lord of the three worlds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trilokeśa

trilokeśa - lord of the three worlds (heaven, earth, netherworld)

Compound type : tatpurusha (triloka+īśa)

• triloka – three worlds (heaven, earth, netherworld)
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अपरः (aparaḥ) - another, other, second

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent

धुन्धुमारः (dhundhumāraḥ) - Dhundhumāra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhundhumāra

dhundhumāra - Dhundhumāra (name of King Kuvalāśva after killing Dhundhu)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - famous, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - famous, known, called

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root khyā

Root: khyā (class 2)

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name, by the name

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

समभवत् (samabhavat) - became, was born, originated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-bhū

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)