महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-9, verse-4

तमप्रतीतमनसं निःश्वसन्तं पुनः पुनः ।
निर्विण्णमनसं दृष्ट्वा पार्थं व्यासोऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥४॥

4. tamapratītamanasaṁ niḥśvasantaṁ punaḥ punaḥ ,
nirviṇṇamanasaṁ dṛṣṭvā pārthaṁ vyāso'bravīdidam.

4. tam apratītamanasam niḥśvasantam punaḥ punaḥ
nirviṇṇamanasam dṛṣṭvā pārtham vyāsaḥ abravīt idam

4. vyāsaḥ tam apratītamanasam nirviṇṇamanasam punaḥ
punaḥ niḥśvasantam pārtham dṛṣṭvā idam abravīt

4. Seeing Pārtha, distressed and dejected in mind, and sighing repeatedly, Vyāsa spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Arjuna (him)

• अप्रतीतमनसम् (apratītamanasam) - Arjuna, whose mind was distressed (whose mind was distressed/unhappy)

• निःश्वसन्तम् (niḥśvasantam) - Arjuna, sighing (sighing, breathing out)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• निर्विण्णमनसम् (nirviṇṇamanasam) - Arjuna, whose mind was dejected (whose mind was dejected/disheartened)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (Pārtha, son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• इदम् (idam) - these words (that follow in subsequent verses) (this)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Arjuna (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अप्रतीतमनसम् (apratītamanasam) - Arjuna, whose mind was distressed (whose mind was distressed/unhappy)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apratītamanas

apratītamanas - having an unhappy or discontented mind

Bahuvrihi compound: a (not) + pratīta (satisfied, pleased) + manas (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+pratīta+manas)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• pratīta – understood, known, satisfied, pleased
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From prati-√i (to go towards, to understand, to be pleased)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: i (class 2)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

निःश्वसन्तम् (niḥśvasantam) - Arjuna, sighing (sighing, breathing out)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niḥśvasat

niḥśvasat - sighing, breathing out

present active participle

From niḥ-√śvas (to sigh, to breathe out)

Prefix: niḥ

Root: śvas (class 2)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

निर्विण्णमनसम् (nirviṇṇamanasam) - Arjuna, whose mind was dejected (whose mind was dejected/disheartened)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirviṇṇamanas

nirviṇṇamanas - having a dejected or despondent mind

Bahuvrihi compound: nirviṇṇa (dejected) + manas (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nirviṇṇa+manas)

• nirviṇṇa – dejected, disgusted, disheartened
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From nir-√vid (to become dejected)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: vid (class 6)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (Pārtha, son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); Arjuna

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a celebrated sage, compiler of the Vedas and author of the Mahābhārata)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect active

imperfect tense form of √brū

Root: brū (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - these words (that follow in subsequent verses) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it