महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-9, verse-10

गदापरिघशक्तीनां सहाः परिघबाहवः ।
त एरकाभिर्निहताः पश्य कालस्य पर्ययम् ॥१०॥

10. gadāparighaśaktīnāṁ sahāḥ parighabāhavaḥ ,
ta erakābhirnihatāḥ paśya kālasya paryayam.

10. gadāparighaśaktīnām sahāḥ parighabāhavaḥ te
erakābhiḥ nihatāḥ paśya kālasya paryayam

10. te gadāparighaśaktīnām sahāḥ parighabāhavaḥ erakābhiḥ nihatāḥ.
kālasya paryayam paśya

10. Those whose arms were strong like iron maces, capable of bearing maces, iron bars, and spears, were destroyed by blades of grass. Behold the reversal of time (kāla)!

Words meanings summery:

• गदापरिघशक्तीनाम् (gadāparighaśaktīnām) - of maces, iron bars, and spears

• सहाः (sahāḥ) - enduring, capable of bearing, powerful

• परिघबाहवः (parighabāhavaḥ) - those whose arms are like iron bars/maces

• ते (te) - they, those

• एरकाभिः (erakābhiḥ) - by blades of grass, by reeds

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - struck down, killed, destroyed

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, observe

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of time, of (the god of) death

• पर्ययम् (paryayam) - reversal, change, turn of events

Words meanings and morphology

गदापरिघशक्तीनाम् (gadāparighaśaktīnām) - of maces, iron bars, and spears

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of gadāparighaśakti

gadāparighaśakti - mace, iron bar, and spear (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (gadā+parigha+śakti)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• parigha – iron bar, bolt, mace
  noun (masculine)
• śakti – spear, dart; power, energy
  noun (feminine)

सहाः (sahāḥ) - enduring, capable of bearing, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saha

saha - bearing, enduring, powerful

Derived from root sah (to bear, endure)

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the heroes mentioned in the previous verse.

परिघबाहवः (parighabāhavaḥ) - those whose arms are like iron bars/maces

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parighabāhu

parighabāhu - one whose arms are like iron bars/maces

Compound type : bahuvrihi (parigha+bāhu)

• parigha – iron bar, bolt, mace
  noun (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the heroes.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the heroes from the previous verse.

एरकाभिः (erakābhiḥ) - by blades of grass, by reeds

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of erakā

erakā - a kind of grass, reed

Note: Refers to the magical blades of grass used in the internecine war of the Yādavas.

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - struck down, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agreement with 'te'.

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, observe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paś

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

Derived from root dṛś (to see), but uses 'paśya' stem for present/imperative

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कालस्य (kālasya) - of time, of (the god of) death

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time (kāla), death, destiny

पर्ययम् (paryayam) - reversal, change, turn of events

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paryaya

paryaya - reversal, turn, change, sequence

From pari + root i (to go).

Prefix: pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of 'paśya'.