महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-9, verse-37

एतद्वचनमाज्ञाय व्यासस्यामिततेजसः ।
अनुज्ञातो ययौ पार्थो नगरं नागसाह्वयम् ॥३७॥

37. etadvacanamājñāya vyāsasyāmitatejasaḥ ,
anujñāto yayau pārtho nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam.

37. etat vacanam ājñāya vyāsasya amitatejasaḥ
anujñātaḥ yayau pārthaḥ nagaram nāgasāhvayam

37. amitatejasaḥ vyāsasya etat vacanam ājñāya,
pārthaḥ anujñātaḥ nāgasāhvayam nagaram yayau

37. Having received this instruction from Vyāsa, who possessed immeasurable spiritual power, Arjuna (Pārtha) then proceeded to the city known as Nāgasāhvaya (Hastinapura) after obtaining his permission.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (statement/instruction) (this, that)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - statement, instruction (word, statement, speech)

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having understood, having heard and grasped (having known, having understood, having commanded)

• व्यासस्य (vyāsasya) - of Vyāsa

• अमिततेजसः (amitatejasaḥ) - of one possessing immeasurable spiritual power (of immeasurable splendor, of boundless energy)

• अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - having been granted permission (permitted, authorized, instructed)

• ययौ (yayau) - he went, he departed

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (Pārtha (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī))

• नगरम् (nagaram) - to the city (city, town)

• नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - referring to Hastinapura, which was also known as Nāgasāhvaya (named Nāgasāhvaya, called Nāgasāhvaya)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (statement/instruction) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

वचनम् (vacanam) - statement, instruction (word, statement, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having understood, having heard and grasped (having known, having understood, having commanded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root jñā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

व्यासस्य (vyāsasya) - of Vyāsa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (a revered sage, compiler of the Vedas and Mahābhārata)

अमिततेजसः (amitatejasaḥ) - of one possessing immeasurable spiritual power (of immeasurable splendor, of boundless energy)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of amitatejas

amitatejas - immeasurable splendor, boundless energy

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (amita+tejas)

• amita – immeasurable, unlimited, boundless
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mā (to measure) with negation prefix a-
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 3)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, power, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Vyāsa

अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - having been granted permission (permitted, authorized, instructed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, authorized, instructed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jñā (to know, to permit) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Pārtha

ययौ (yayau) - he went, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (Pārtha (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā; Arjuna

नगरम् (nagaram) - to the city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - referring to Hastinapura, which was also known as Nāgasāhvaya (named Nāgasāhvaya, called Nāgasāhvaya)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāgasāhvaya

nāgasāhvaya - named Nāga, called Nāga; a name for Hastinapura

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (nāga+sāhvaya)

• nāga – serpent, snake; a name for Hastinapura
  noun (masculine)
• sāhvaya – named, called, having a name
  adjective
  Derived from root hvā (to call) with prefix sa- (together, with)
  Prefix: sa
  Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies nagaram