महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-15, chapter-33, verse-7
कच्चिच्च विषये विप्राः स्वकर्मनिरतास्तव ।
क्षत्रिया वैश्यवर्गा वा शूद्रा वापि कुटुम्बिनः ॥७॥
क्षत्रिया वैश्यवर्गा वा शूद्रा वापि कुटुम्बिनः ॥७॥
7. kaccicca viṣaye viprāḥ svakarmaniratāstava ,
kṣatriyā vaiśyavargā vā śūdrā vāpi kuṭumbinaḥ.
kṣatriyā vaiśyavargā vā śūdrā vāpi kuṭumbinaḥ.
7.
kaccit ca viṣaye viprāḥ svakarma-niratāḥ tava
kṣatriyāḥ vaiśya-vargāḥ vā śūdrāḥ vā api kuṭumbinaḥ
kṣatriyāḥ vaiśya-vargāḥ vā śūdrāḥ vā api kuṭumbinaḥ
7.
kaccit tava viṣaye viprāḥ kṣatriyāḥ vaiśya-vargāḥ
vā śūdrāḥ api kuṭumbinaḥ ca svakarma-niratāḥ
vā śūdrāḥ api kuṭumbinaḥ ca svakarma-niratāḥ
7.
I hope that in your kingdom, the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishya classes, and even the Shudras, who are householders, are all devoted to their respective natural duties (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कच्चित् (kaccit) - Is it indeed that? (a questioning particle implying hope) (I hope that, is it that?)
- च (ca) - also (and, also)
- विषये (viṣaye) - in your kingdom/territory (in the territory, in the object of sense, in the subject)
- विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brahmins (Brahmins, learned ones)
- स्वकर्म-निरताः (svakarma-niratāḥ) - devoted to their own duties (dharma) (devoted to their own duties)
- तव (tava) - your (kingdom/people) (your, of you)
- क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas (Kshatriyas, warriors)
- वैश्य-वर्गाः (vaiśya-vargāḥ) - Vaishya classes (Vaishya classes/groups)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Shudras
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)
- कुटुम्बिनः (kuṭumbinaḥ) - householders (householders, heads of families, family members)
Words meanings and morphology
कच्चित् (kaccit) - Is it indeed that? (a questioning particle implying hope) (I hope that, is it that?)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - also (and, also)
(indeclinable)
विषये (viṣaye) - in your kingdom/territory (in the territory, in the object of sense, in the subject)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of viṣaya
viṣaya - sphere, domain, territory, object of sense
From vi- + √si (to bind) or √śi (to lie)
Prefix: vi
Root: √si / √śi
विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brahmins (Brahmins, learned ones)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vipra
vipra - inspired, wise, a Brahmin, a sage
From √vip (to tremble, inspire) + -ra.
Root: √vip
स्वकर्म-निरताः (svakarma-niratāḥ) - devoted to their own duties (dharma) (devoted to their own duties)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of svakarma-nirata
svakarma-nirata - devoted to one's own duties
Compound.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karma+nirata)
- sva – own, one's own, self
pronoun (masculine) - karma – action, deed, work, duty
noun (neuter)
From √kṛ (to do) + -man.
Root: √kṛ - nirata – devoted to, engaged in, attached to
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From ni- + √ram (to delight, stop) + -ta.
Prefix: ni
Root: √ram (class 1)
Note: Agreement with viprāḥ, kṣatriyāḥ, etc.
तव (tava) - your (kingdom/people) (your, of you)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Second person pronoun.
क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas (Kshatriyas, warriors)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class
From kṣatra (rule, dominion).
वैश्य-वर्गाः (vaiśya-vargāḥ) - Vaishya classes (Vaishya classes/groups)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vaiśya-varga
vaiśya-varga - group of Vaishyas, Vaishya community
Compound.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaiśya+varga)
- vaiśya – a member of the merchant or agricultural class
noun (masculine)
From viś (people, settlement). - varga – class, group, division
noun (masculine)
From √vṛj (to avoid, exclude).
Root: √vṛj
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Shudras
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śūdra
śūdra - a member of the lowest social class
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
कुटुम्बिनः (kuṭumbinaḥ) - householders (householders, heads of families, family members)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kuṭumbin
kuṭumbin - a householder, a man with a family
From kuṭumba (family) + -in.
Note: Agrees with viprāḥ, kṣatriyāḥ, vaiśya-vargāḥ, śūdrāḥ.