महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-17, verse-29

ब्राह्मणा ज्ञानसंपन्ना यथावच्छ्रुतनिश्चयाः ।
इतरं कृतपुण्यं वा तं विजानन्ति लक्षणैः ॥२९॥

29. brāhmaṇā jñānasaṁpannā yathāvacchrutaniścayāḥ ,
itaraṁ kṛtapuṇyaṁ vā taṁ vijānanti lakṣaṇaiḥ.

29. brāhmaṇāḥ jñānasaṃpannāḥ yathāvat śrutaniścayāḥ
itaram kṛtapuṇyam vā tam vijānanti lakṣaṇaiḥ

29. jñānasaṃpannāḥ yathāvat śrutaniścayāḥ brāhmaṇāḥ
itaram kṛtapuṇyam vā tam lakṣaṇaiḥ vijānanti

29. Brahmins, who are endowed with knowledge and whose convictions are firmly established by scriptural revelation, recognize that soul (jīva) by its characteristics, whether it is one that has accumulated merit (puṇya) or is of another kind.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

• ज्ञानसंपन्नाः (jñānasaṁpannāḥ) - endowed with knowledge, accomplished in knowledge

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - as it is, properly, according to truth

• श्रुतनिश्चयाः (śrutaniścayāḥ) - whose conclusions/convictions are based on scripture

• इतरम् (itaram) - another type of soul (one not having accumulated merit) (the other, another)

• कृतपुण्यम् (kṛtapuṇyam) - one who has accumulated merit

• वा (vā) - or

• तम् (tam) - that soul (jīva) (that)

• विजानन्ति (vijānanti) - they know, they recognize, they understand

• लक्षणैः (lakṣaṇaiḥ) - by signs, by characteristics

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, related to Brahman

ज्ञानसंपन्नाः (jñānasaṁpannāḥ) - endowed with knowledge, accomplished in knowledge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñānasaṃpanna

jñānasaṁpanna - endowed with knowledge, rich in wisdom

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāna+saṃpanna)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  Root: √jñā (class 9)
• saṃpanna – accomplished, endowed, furnished with, rich in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the verb root √pad (to go, attain) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √pad (class 4)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - as it is, properly, according to truth

(indeclinable)

श्रुतनिश्चयाः (śrutaniścayāḥ) - whose conclusions/convictions are based on scripture

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śrutaniścaya

śrutaniścaya - one whose determination or conviction is based on śruti (revealed scripture)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śruta+niścaya)

• śruta – heard, revealed scripture, sacred tradition
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the verb root √śru (to hear), used as a noun.
  Root: √śru (class 1)
• niścaya – certainty, conviction, determination, conclusion
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from nis-√ci (to ascertain, determine)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: √ci (class 5)

इतरम् (itaram) - another type of soul (one not having accumulated merit) (the other, another)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itara

itara - other, another, different

कृतपुण्यम् (kṛtapuṇyam) - one who has accumulated merit

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtapuṇya

kṛtapuṇya - one who has acquired merit, virtuous, righteous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+puṇya)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the verb root √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)
• puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed, righteousness (puṇya)
  noun (neuter)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that soul (jīva) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विजानन्ति (vijānanti) - they know, they recognize, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √jñā

Prefix: vi

Root: √jñā (class 9)

लक्षणैः (lakṣaṇaiḥ) - by signs, by characteristics

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of lakṣaṇa

lakṣaṇa - sign, mark, characteristic, symptom, definition

Root: √lakṣ (class 10)