महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-17, verse-10

दुष्टान्नं विषमान्नं च सोऽन्योन्येन विरोधि च ।
गुरु वापि समं भुङ्क्ते नातिजीर्णेऽपि वा पुनः ॥१०॥

10. duṣṭānnaṁ viṣamānnaṁ ca so'nyonyena virodhi ca ,
guru vāpi samaṁ bhuṅkte nātijīrṇe'pi vā punaḥ.

10. duṣṭānnam viṣamānnam ca saḥ anyonyena virodhi ca
guru vā api samam bhuṅkte na atijīrṇe api vā punaḥ

10. saḥ duṣṭānnam ca viṣamānnam ca anyonyena virodhi guru
vā api samam (annam) na atijīrṇe api punaḥ vā bhuṅkte

10. One consumes spoiled food, or incompatible food that is mutually contradictory. They also eat heavy food, or even proper food, without the previous meal being fully digested, or they eat again too soon.

Words meanings summery:

• दुष्टान्नम् (duṣṭānnam) - spoiled food (spoiled food, contaminated food)

• विषमान्नम् (viṣamānnam) - incompatible food (improper food, uneven food, incompatible food)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• अन्योन्येन (anyonyena) - with one another (referring to food items) (mutually, with each other)

• विरोधि (virodhi) - contradictory (incompatible foods) (contradictory, opposing, hostile)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• गुरु (guru) - heavy (food) (heavy, weighty, important, venerable, teacher)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• समम् (samam) - appropriate (food) (even, equal, proper, appropriate, calm)

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, consumes (eats, consumes, enjoys)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अतिजीर्णे (atijīrṇe) - before it is fully digested (not fully digested, before full digestion)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (eating) (again, anew, but)

Words meanings and morphology

दुष्टान्नम् (duṣṭānnam) - spoiled food (spoiled food, contaminated food)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duṣṭānna

duṣṭānna - spoiled food, bad food, contaminated food

Compound: duṣṭa (spoiled) + anna (food)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (duṣṭa+anna)

• duṣṭa – spoiled, corrupted, bad, wicked
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √duṣ (to be bad, to spoil)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• anna – food, grain, boiled rice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √ad (to eat)
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Direct object of implied verb of eating.

विषमान्नम् (viṣamānnam) - incompatible food (improper food, uneven food, incompatible food)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣamānna

viṣamānna - improper food, uneven food, incompatible food

Compound: viṣama (uneven, improper, incompatible) + anna (food)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (viṣama+anna)

• viṣama – uneven, unequal, difficult, improper, incompatible
  adjective
  From vi + sama
  Prefix: vi
• anna – food, grain, boiled rice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √ad (to eat)
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Direct object of implied verb of eating.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the implied action.

अन्योन्येन (anyonyena) - with one another (referring to food items) (mutually, with each other)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of anyonya

anyonya - mutual, each other, one another

Compound: anya (other) + anya (other)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (anya+anya)

• anya – other, another
  pronoun

Note: Adverbial use.

विरोधि (virodhi) - contradictory (incompatible foods) (contradictory, opposing, hostile)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of virodhin

virodhin - opposing, obstructing, contradictory, hostile

Derived from vi-rudh + -in

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Qualifies the 'incompatible food' (implied annam).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

गुरु (guru) - heavy (food) (heavy, weighty, important, venerable, teacher)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of guru

guru - heavy, weighty, important, difficult, teacher, venerable

Note: Qualifies 'food' (implied annam).

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

Note: Disjunctive particle.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

समम् (samam) - appropriate (food) (even, equal, proper, appropriate, calm)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - even, equal, similar, proper, appropriate, impartial

Note: Qualifies 'food' (implied annam).

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, consumes (eats, consumes, enjoys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Present Tense

Present middle voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the implied subject.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

Note: Negates the following clause.

अतिजीर्णे (atijīrṇe) - before it is fully digested (not fully digested, before full digestion)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of atijīrṇa

atijīrṇa - fully digested, completely worn out

Past Passive Participle

From ati (over, completely) + √jṝ (to digest, to wear out)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+jīrṇa)

• ati – over, excessively, beyond
  indeclinable
• jīrṇa – digested, worn out, old
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √jṝ (to digest, wear out)
  Root: jṝ (class 9)

Note: Locative absolute construction, implying 'when (the previous food) is not fully digested'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, here emphasizing the 'even' if not fully digested.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

Note: Disjunctive particle.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (eating) (again, anew, but)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of repetition.