महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-17, verse-11

व्यायाममतिमात्रं वा व्यवायं चोपसेवते ।
सततं कर्मलोभाद्वा प्राप्तं वेगविधारणम् ॥११॥

11. vyāyāmamatimātraṁ vā vyavāyaṁ copasevate ,
satataṁ karmalobhādvā prāptaṁ vegavidhāraṇam.

11. vyāyāmam atimātram vā vyavāyam ca upasevate
satatam karmalobhāt vā prāptam vegavidhāraṇam

11. (saḥ) atimātram vyāyāmam vā vyavāyam ca satatam
upasevate vā karmalobhāt prāptam vegavidhāraṇam (karoti)

11. One indulges excessively in physical exercise or sexual activity. Or, constantly driven by an excessive desire for work (karma), one suppresses natural urges that have arisen.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यायामम् (vyāyāmam) - physical exercise (exercise, exertion, effort)

• अतिमात्रम् (atimātram) - excessive (excessive, beyond measure)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• व्यवायम् (vyavāyam) - sexual intercourse (sexual intercourse, separation, mixing)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उपसेवते (upasevate) - indulges in, practices (serves, attends, indulges in, practices)

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, continuously (constantly, perpetually, always)

• कर्मलोभात् (karmalobhāt) - due to excessive desire for work (karma) (from greed for action, due to attachment to work)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - arisen (referring to natural urges) (obtained, arrived, occurred, arisen)

• वेगविधारणम् (vegavidhāraṇam) - suppression of natural urges (suppression of urges, retention of natural impulses)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यायामम् (vyāyāmam) - physical exercise (exercise, exertion, effort)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyāyāma

vyāyāma - exercise, exertion, effort, physical training

From vi-ā-yam (to stretch out)

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'upasevate'.

अतिमात्रम् (atimātram) - excessive (excessive, beyond measure)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atimātra

atimātra - excessive, beyond measure, immoderate

Compound: ati (excessive) + mātra (measure)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+mātra)

• ati – over, excessively, beyond
  indeclinable
• mātra – measure, quantity, extent, only
  noun (neuter)
  From √mā (to measure)
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'vyāyāmam'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

Note: Disjunctive particle.

व्यवायम् (vyavāyam) - sexual intercourse (sexual intercourse, separation, mixing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyavāya

vyavāya - sexual intercourse, union, separation, interval

From vi-ava-i (to go apart)

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of 'upasevate'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

उपसेवते (upasevate) - indulges in, practices (serves, attends, indulges in, practices)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sev

Present Tense

Present middle voice, 3rd person singular with upasarga upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject.

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, continuously (constantly, perpetually, always)

(indeclinable)

From sa-tata (with stretched/extended)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sa+tata)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• tata – stretched, extended, spread
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √tan (to stretch, extend)
  Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Adverb modifying 'upasevate'.

कर्मलोभात् (karmalobhāt) - due to excessive desire for work (karma) (from greed for action, due to attachment to work)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of karmalobha

karmalobha - greed for work, attachment to action, excessive desire for results of actions

Compound: karma (action, work) + lobha (greed, desire)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karma+lobha)

• karma – action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From √kṛ (to do) + -man
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• lobha – greed, covetousness, avarice, intense desire
  noun (masculine)
  From √lubh (to covet)
  Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Indicates reason or cause.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

Note: Disjunctive particle.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - arisen (referring to natural urges) (obtained, arrived, occurred, arisen)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived, occurred, suitable

Past Passive Participle

From pra-āp (to obtain, reach)

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'vegavidhāraṇam'.

वेगविधारणम् (vegavidhāraṇam) - suppression of natural urges (suppression of urges, retention of natural impulses)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vegavidhāraṇa

vegavidhāraṇa - suppression of urges, retention of natural impulses

verbal noun

Compound: vega (urge) + vidhāraṇa (restraint, suppression)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vega+vidhāraṇa)

• vega – impulse, urge, force, speed
  noun (masculine)
  From √vij (to move quickly)
  Root: vij (class 6)
• vidhāraṇa – holding, restraining, suppression, retention
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  From vi-dhṛ (to hold, restrain) + -ana
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of implied verb of doing/practicing.