महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-55, verse-9

च्यवन उवाच ।
शृणु सर्वमशेषेण यदिदं येन हेतुना ।
न हि शक्यमनाख्यातुमेवं पृष्टेन पार्थिव ॥९॥

9. cyavana uvāca ,
śṛṇu sarvamaśeṣeṇa yadidaṁ yena hetunā ,
na hi śakyamanākhyātumevaṁ pṛṣṭena pārthiva.

9. cyavana uvāca śṛṇu sarvam aśeṣeṇa yat idam yena
hetunā na hi śakyam anākhyātum evam pṛṣṭena pārthiva

9. pārthiva cyavana uvāca yena hetunā yat idam sarvam
aśeṣeṇa śṛṇu hi evam pṛṣṭena anākhyātum na śakyam

9. Cyavana said: O king, listen to everything completely, the reason for this. Indeed, it is not possible for me to withhold the explanation when questioned in this manner.

Words meanings summery:

• च्यवन (cyavana) - Cyavana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, everything

• अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely, without remainder, entirely

• यत् (yat) - which, that, because

• इदम् (idam) - this, here

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• हेतुना (hetunā) - by reason, by cause

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, able

• अनाख्यातुम् (anākhyātum) - not to tell, to keep secret

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• पृष्टेन (pṛṣṭena) - by me (Cyavana), who has been questioned (by one asked, by one questioned)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressed to the king. (O king, O ruler, O son of Prithvi)

Words meanings and morphology

च्यवन (cyavana) - Cyavana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cyavana

cyavana - name of a sage, moving, stirring

Root: cyu (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative active

2nd person singular imperative active of √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, everything

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire

Note: Used as a substantive here.

अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely, without remainder, entirely

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśeṣa

aśeṣa - without remainder, complete

Negative compound of śeṣa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+śeṣa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śeṣa – remainder, residue, balance
  noun (masculine)
  From √śiṣ
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Used adverbially.

यत् (yat) - which, that, because

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun.

इदम् (idam) - this, here

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

हेतुना (hetunā) - by reason, by cause

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, able

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, able

gerundive/potential participle

From √śak

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Used impersonally: "it is possible".

अनाख्यातुम् (anākhyātum) - not to tell, to keep secret

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive of the negative verb (an- + ā-√khyā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+ākhyātum)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ākhyātum – to tell, to narrate
  verbal noun/infinitive
  infinitive
  Infinitive of ā-√khyā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Infinitive expressing purpose or potential.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

पृष्टेन (pṛṣṭena) - by me (Cyavana), who has been questioned (by one asked, by one questioned)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √prach (to ask)

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Refers to Cyavana.

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressed to the king. (O king, O ruler, O son of Prithvi)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - relating to the earth, earthy, king, prince

Derived from pṛthivī (earth)

Note: Vocative singular.