महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-94, verse-23

मरणान्तमिदं सर्वं नेह किंचिदनामयम् ।
तस्माद्धर्मे स्थितो राजा प्रजा धर्मेण पालयेत् ॥२३॥

23. maraṇāntamidaṁ sarvaṁ neha kiṁcidanāmayam ,
tasmāddharme sthito rājā prajā dharmeṇa pālayet.

23. maraṇāntam idam sarvam na iha kiṃcit anāmayam
tasmāt dharme sthitaḥ rājā prajāḥ dharmeṇa pālayet

23. idam sarvam maraṇāntam iha kiṃcit anāmayam na
tasmāt dharme sthitaḥ rājā dharmeṇa prajāḥ pālayet

23. All of this is mortal; nothing here is truly secure or imperishable. Therefore, a king, being established in righteousness (dharma), should protect his subjects according to the natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• मरणान्तम् (maraṇāntam) - ending in death, mortal

• इदम् (idam) - this

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

• न (na) - not, no

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

• अनामयम् (anāmayam) - free from illness/misery, healthy, secure, imperishable

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law, in righteousness, in constitution

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, standing, established

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, citizens, progeny

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by means of natural law, with righteousness

• पालयेत् (pālayet) - should protect, should rule

Words meanings and morphology

मरणान्तम् (maraṇāntam) - ending in death, mortal

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇānta

maraṇānta - ending in death, mortal

Compound type : tatpurusha (maraṇa+anta)

• maraṇa – death
  noun (neuter)
  From root mṛ (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• anta – end, limit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'idam sarvam'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + cid (particle of indefiniteness)

अनामयम् (anāmayam) - free from illness/misery, healthy, secure, imperishable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anāmaya

anāmaya - free from illness or misery, healthy, secure, imperishable

Derived from āmaya (illness, misery) with negative prefix an-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āmaya)

• an – not, non
  indeclinable
• āmaya – illness, disease, misery
  noun (masculine)
  From root am (to go, to be ill)
  Root: am (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kiṃcit'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here adverbially as 'therefore'.

धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law, in righteousness, in constitution

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, natural law, cosmic order, constitution

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, standing, established

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, established, firm

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand, be) + kta suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes rājā.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, citizens, progeny

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people

From pra- + jan (to be born)

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The devanagari 'प्रजा' can be nominative singular or accusative plural of 'prajā'. Contextually, as the object of 'pālayet' it is accusative, and usually implies plural.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by means of natural law, with righteousness

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, natural law, cosmic order, constitution

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पालयेत् (pālayet) - should protect, should rule

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pāl

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

Derived from pāl (to protect), 10th class verb (pālayati), optative mood

Root: pāl (class 10)