महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-94, verse-19

ये केचिद्भूमिपतयस्तान्सर्वानन्ववेक्षयेत् ।
सुहृद्भिरनभिख्यातैस्तेन राजा न रिष्यते ॥१९॥

19. ye kecidbhūmipatayastānsarvānanvavekṣayet ,
suhṛdbhiranabhikhyātaistena rājā na riṣyate.

19. ye kecit bhūmipatayaḥ tān sarvān anvavekṣayet
suhṛdbhiḥ anabhikhyātaiḥ tena rājā na riṣyate

19. rājā ye kecit bhūmipatayaḥ tān sarvān anabhikhyātaiḥ
suhṛdbhiḥ anvavekṣayet tena na riṣyate

19. The king should have all those rulers, whoever they may be, investigated by inconspicuous well-wishers. Through this, the king suffers no harm.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who, which

• केचित् (kecit) - some, any

• भूमिपतयः (bhūmipatayaḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

• तान् (tān) - them

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

• अन्ववेक्षयेत् (anvavekṣayet) - he should observe, he should supervise, he should investigate

• सुहृद्भिः (suhṛdbhiḥ) - by well-wishers, by friends

• अनभिख्यातैः (anabhikhyātaiḥ) - by unrevealed, by unknown, by inconspicuous (ones)

• तेन (tena) - by such a method of investigation (by that, by such means)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• न (na) - not, no

• रिष्यते (riṣyate) - he is harmed, he suffers loss, he fails

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

केचित् (kecit) - some, any

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, any, certain

Note: The final 't' of 'kecit' becomes 'd' before 'bhūmipatayaḥ' due to external sandhi, but word remains separate in 'no_sandhi' list.

भूमिपतयः (bhūmipatayaḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūmipati

bhūmipati - lord of the earth, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pati)

• bhūmi – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to `bhūmipatayaḥ`.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies `tān`.

अन्ववेक्षयेत् (anvavekṣayet) - he should observe, he should supervise, he should investigate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of īkṣ

Causative Optative

Causative stem `īkṣaya` (from root `īkṣ` with prefixes `anu-ava-`), third person singular Optative active.

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The subject is `rājā` (the king).

सुहृद्भिः (suhṛdbhiḥ) - by well-wishers, by friends

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

अनभिख्यातैः (anabhikhyātaiḥ) - by unrevealed, by unknown, by inconspicuous (ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anabhikhyāta

anabhikhyāta - unknown, unrevealed, inconspicuous, not famous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √khyā (to be known, to name) with prefix 'abhi-' and negative prefix 'an-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+abhikhyāta)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• abhikhyāta – known, famous, named
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √khyā (to be known, to name) with prefix 'abhi-'.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `suhṛdbhiḥ`.

तेन (tena) - by such a method of investigation (by that, by such means)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: It is an adverbial instrumental meaning 'thereby' or 'by that means'.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of `riṣyate`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

रिष्यते (riṣyate) - he is harmed, he suffers loss, he fails

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of riṣ

Root `riṣ` (Class 4, `divādi`), third person singular Present tense, Middle voice.

Root: riṣ (class 4)

Note: Denotes the result for the king.