महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-94, verse-18

रक्षितात्मा तु यो राजा रक्ष्यान्यश्चानुरक्षति ।
प्रजाश्च तस्य वर्धन्ते ध्रुवं च महदश्नुते ॥१८॥

18. rakṣitātmā tu yo rājā rakṣyānyaścānurakṣati ,
prajāśca tasya vardhante dhruvaṁ ca mahadaśnute.

18. rakṣitātmā tu yaḥ rājā rakṣyān ca anurakṣati
prajāḥ ca tasya vardhante dhruvam ca mahat aśnute

18. tu yaḥ rājā rakṣitātmā ca rakṣyān anurakṣati
tasya prajāḥ ca vardhante ca dhruvam mahat aśnute

18. But the king who protects his own self (ātman) and also protects those who are to be guarded, his subjects surely prosper, and he attains great success.

Words meanings summery:

• रक्षितात्मा (rakṣitātmā) - one whose self is protected, self-protected

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• रक्ष्यान् (rakṣyān) - those to be protected, those who should be guarded

• च (ca) - and

• अनुरक्षति (anurakṣati) - protects, guards, preserves

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, offspring, people

• च (ca) - and

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• वर्धन्ते (vardhante) - they prosper, grow, increase

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely, certainly, permanently

• च (ca) - and

• महत् (mahat) - greatness, a great thing

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, obtains

Words meanings and morphology

रक्षितात्मा (rakṣitātmā) - one whose self is protected, self-protected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣitātman

rakṣitātman - one whose self is protected, self-guarded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rakṣita+ātman)

• rakṣita – protected, guarded, preserved
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rakṣ- with suffix -ta
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

रक्ष्यान् (rakṣyān) - those to be protected, those who should be guarded

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rakṣya

rakṣya - to be protected, to be guarded, ward, protégé

Gerundive

From root rakṣ- with suffix -ya

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अनुरक्षति (anurakṣati) - protects, guards, preserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of anurakṣ

Prefix: anu

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, offspring, people

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Can also be accusative plural depending on context, here nominative is more suitable as subject of vardhante.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वर्धन्ते (vardhante) - they prosper, grow, increase

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely, certainly, permanently

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an adverb.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - greatness, a great thing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty; greatness (as a noun)

Note: Can also be an adjective, but here functions as a noun 'greatness'.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, obtains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of aś

Root: aś (class 5)