महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-78, verse-15

कृषिगोरक्षवाणिज्यमुपजीवन्त्यमायया ।
अप्रमत्ताः क्रियावन्तः सुव्रताः सत्यवादिनः ॥१५॥

15. kṛṣigorakṣavāṇijyamupajīvantyamāyayā ,
apramattāḥ kriyāvantaḥ suvratāḥ satyavādinaḥ.

15. kṛṣi-gorakṣa-vāṇijyam upajīvanti amāyayā
apramattāḥ kriyāvantaḥ suvratāḥ satyavādinaḥ

15. amāyayā kṛṣi-gorakṣa-vāṇijyam upajīvanti
apramattāḥ kriyāvantaḥ suvratāḥ satyavādinaḥ

15. Those who honestly subsist on agriculture, cow protection, and trade, who are diligent, active, virtuous, and truthful speakers.

Words meanings summery:

• कृषि-गोरक्ष-वाणिज्यम् (kṛṣi-gorakṣa-vāṇijyam) - agriculture, cow protection, and trade

• उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they subsist on, they live by

• अमायया (amāyayā) - without deceit, honestly

• अप्रमत्ताः (apramattāḥ) - diligent, not negligent

• क्रियावन्तः (kriyāvantaḥ) - active, industrious, performers of rituals

• सुव्रताः (suvratāḥ) - of good vows, virtuous, devout

• सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - truthful speakers, speaking the truth

Words meanings and morphology

कृषि-गोरक्ष-वाणिज्यम् (kṛṣi-gorakṣa-vāṇijyam) - agriculture, cow protection, and trade

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛṣi-gorakṣa-vāṇijya

kṛṣi-gorakṣa-vāṇijya - agriculture, cattle-rearing, and commerce

Dvaṃdva compound of `kṛṣi`, `gorakṣa`, and `vāṇijya`.

Compound type : dvandva (kṛṣi+gorakṣa+vāṇijya)

• kṛṣi – agriculture, cultivation
  noun (feminine)
  From root `kṛṣ` (to plow)
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
• gorakṣa – cow protection, cattle breeding
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: `go` (cow) + `rakṣa` (protecting)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• vāṇijya – trade, commerce
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from `vaṇij` (merchant)

Note: The compound is treated as a single neuter noun in the accusative singular.

उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they subsist on, they live by

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of upajīv

Root `jīv` (to live) with prefix `upa` (near, by means of).

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

अमायया (amāyayā) - without deceit, honestly

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of amāyā

amāyā - absence of deceit, honesty, sincerity

Compound of `a` (not) + `māyā` (deceit, illusion).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+māyā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• māyā – deceit, illusion, magic (māyā)
  noun (feminine)

अप्रमत्ताः (apramattāḥ) - diligent, not negligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apramatta

apramatta - diligent, careful, attentive, not heedless

Past Passive Participle (negated)

From `a` (not) + `pramatta` (negligent), which is PPP of `pra-√mad` (to be heedless).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramatta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• pramatta – negligent, heedless, careless
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pra-√mad` (to be heedless, to err)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Adjective describing implied Vaishyas.

क्रियावन्तः (kriyāvantaḥ) - active, industrious, performers of rituals

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kriyāvant

kriyāvant - active, performing actions, having deeds or rites

Possessive adjective derived from `kriyā` (action, deed) with suffix `vat`.

Note: Adjective describing implied Vaishyas.

सुव्रताः (suvratāḥ) - of good vows, virtuous, devout

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suvrata

suvrata - having good vows, pious, virtuous, righteous

Bahuvrīhi compound of `su` (good) + `vrata` (vow, religious observance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+vrata)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective describing implied Vaishyas.

सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - truthful speakers, speaking the truth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satyavādin

satyavādin - speaking the truth, truthful

Compound of `satya` (truth) + `vādin` (speaker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, speaker, asserting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from `vad` (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Adjective describing implied Vaishyas.