महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-286, verse-41

भीष्म उवाच ।
एतद्वै सर्वमाख्यातं मुनिना सुमहात्मना ।
विदेहराजाय पुरा श्रेयसोऽर्थे नराधिप ॥४१॥

41. bhīṣma uvāca ,
etadvai sarvamākhyātaṁ muninā sumahātmanā ,
videharājāya purā śreyaso'rthe narādhipa.

41. bhīṣma uvāca etat vai sarvam ākhyātam muninā
sumahātmanā videharājāya purā śreyasaḥ arthe narādhipa

41. bhīṣma uvāca: narādhipa,
etat sarvam vai purā sumahātmanā muninā videharājāya śreyasaḥ arthe ākhyātam

41. Bhishma said: "O ruler of men (narādhipa), all this has indeed been narrated by the great-souled sage (muni) in the past, to the King of Videha, for the sake of his ultimate welfare (śreyas)."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma (the speaker) (Bhishma (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• एतत् (etat) - this (entire subject) (this, this one)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, certainly)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (this) (all, the whole)

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been narrated (narrated, told, declared)

• मुनिना (muninā) - by the sage (muni)

• सुमहात्मना (sumahātmanā) - by the great-souled one (by the great-souled one, by the highly noble one)

• विदेहराजाय (videharājāya) - to the King of Videha

• पुरा (purā) - in the past, in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times, before)

• श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of his ultimate welfare (śreyas) (of welfare, of supreme good, of ultimate prosperity)

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men (narādhipa) (O King, O ruler of men)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma (the speaker) (Bhishma (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this (entire subject) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, certainly)

(indeclinable)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (this) (all, the whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been narrated (narrated, told, declared)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - narrated, told, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root khyā (to tell) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

मुनिना (muninā) - by the sage (muni)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, inspired person (muni)

Root: man (class 4)

सुमहात्मना (sumahātmanā) - by the great-souled one (by the great-souled one, by the highly noble one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sumahātman

sumahātman - great-souled, highly noble

Bahuvrihi compound: su (good, excellent) + mahā (great) + ātman (self, soul)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+mahā+ātman)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Stem form of mahat
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, ultimate reality (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  From root an (to breathe)
  Root: an (class 2)

विदेहराजाय (videharājāya) - to the King of Videha

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of videharāja

videharāja - King of Videha

Tatpurusha compound: videha + rāja

Compound type : tatpurusha (videha+rāja)

• videha – a country/kingdom, name of Janaka's kingdom
  proper noun (neuter)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root rāj (to rule)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

पुरा (purā) - in the past, in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times, before)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of his ultimate welfare (śreyas) (of welfare, of supreme good, of ultimate prosperity)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, prosperity, supreme good, ultimate bliss

Comparative of śrī, often implying ultimate spiritual good

अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth

From root ṛ (to go, move, attain)

Root: ṛ (class 3)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men (narādhipa) (O King, O ruler of men)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men, lord of men

Tatpurusha compound: nara + adhipa

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi + root pā (to protect)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Addressing the listener (likely Yudhishthira).