महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-286, verse-1

पराशर उवाच ।
पिता सखायो गुरवः स्त्रियश्च न निर्गुणा नाम भवन्ति लोके ।
अनन्यभक्ताः प्रियवादिनश्च हिताश्च वश्याश्च तथैव राजन् ॥१॥

1. parāśara uvāca ,
pitā sakhāyo guravaḥ striyaśca; na nirguṇā nāma bhavanti loke ,
ananyabhaktāḥ priyavādinaśca; hitāśca vaśyāśca tathaiva rājan.

1. parāśara uvāca pitā sakhāyaḥ guravaḥ
striyaḥ ca na nirguṇāḥ nāma bhavanti
loke ananyabhaktāḥ priyavādinaḥ
ca hitāḥ ca vaśyāḥ ca tathā eva rājan

1. parāśara uvāca rājan loke pitā sakhāyaḥ
guravaḥ striyaḥ ca nāma nirguṇāḥ
na bhavanti tathā eva ananyabhaktāḥ
ca priyavādinaḥ ca hitāḥ ca vaśyāḥ ca

1. Parāśara said: "O King, a father, friends, teachers (guru), and women in this world are indeed never devoid of good qualities. Likewise, they are completely devoted (bhakti), speak pleasingly, are well-wishing, and amenable."

Words meanings summery:

• पराशर (parāśara) - The sage Parāśara (Parāśara (a proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• पिता (pitā) - father

• सखायः (sakhāyaḥ) - friends

• गुरवः (guravaḥ) - teachers (teachers, elders, spiritual guides)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - wives (women, wives)

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• निर्गुणाः (nirguṇāḥ) - never devoid of good qualities/virtues (without qualities, devoid of virtues, worthless)

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, truly (indeed, truly, by name, forsooth)

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they are, they become, they exist

• लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, among people)

• अनन्यभक्ताः (ananyabhaktāḥ) - completely devoted (bhakti) (exclusively devoted, having devotion to no other)

• प्रियवादिनः (priyavādinaḥ) - speaking kindly, pleasing speakers, those who speak pleasantly

• च (ca) - and, also

• हिताः (hitāḥ) - beneficial, well-wishing, advantageous

• च (ca) - and, also

• वश्याः (vaśyāḥ) - amenable (obedient, amenable, subservient, under control)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा एव (tathā eva) - in the same way, similarly, just so

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

Words meanings and morphology

पराशर (parāśara) - The sage Parāśara (Parāśara (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parāśara

parāśara - Name of a celebrated sage, father of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Third person singular perfect active indicative of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

सखायः (sakhāyaḥ) - friends

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

गुरवः (guravaḥ) - teachers (teachers, elders, spiritual guides)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual guide, elder, heavy

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - wives (women, wives)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Particle of conjunction

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation

निर्गुणाः (nirguṇāḥ) - never devoid of good qualities/virtues (without qualities, devoid of virtues, worthless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirguṇa

nirguṇa - without qualities, devoid of attributes, worthless, having no virtues

Bahuvrīhi compound: nis (without) + guṇa (quality)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+guṇa)

• nis – out, forth, without, free from
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or absence
• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute, constituent of nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with pitā, sakhāyaḥ, guravaḥ, striyaḥ.

नाम (nāma) - indeed, truly (indeed, truly, by name, forsooth)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they are, they become, they exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Tense

Third person plural present active indicative of root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, among people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, community

अनन्यभक्ताः (ananyabhaktāḥ) - completely devoted (bhakti) (exclusively devoted, having devotion to no other)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ananyabhakta

ananyabhakta - exclusively devoted, having no other object of devotion

Bahuvrīhi compound: ananya (no other) + bhakta (devoted)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ananya+bhakta)

• ananya – no other, exclusive, unique
  adjective (masculine)
  Nañ-tatpuruṣa: a (not) + anya (other)
• bhakta – devoted, loyal, worshipping, a devotee
  participle/noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhaj 'to divide, partake, worship'
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Implied verb 'to be'.

प्रियवादिनः (priyavādinaḥ) - speaking kindly, pleasing speakers, those who speak pleasantly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of priyavādin

priyavādin - speaking pleasantly, sweet-tongued, pleasing speaker

Tatpuruṣa compound: priya (pleasing) + vādin (speaker)

Compound type : tatpurusha (priya+vādin)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)
• vādin – speaking, telling, a speaker
  agent noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root vad 'to speak' + ṇini (agent suffix)
  Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Particle of conjunction

हिताः (hitāḥ) - beneficial, well-wishing, advantageous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hita

hita - beneficial, well-wishing, salutary, placed

Past Passive Participle (from dhā)

From root dhā 'to place' with the sense of 'suitable, beneficial'

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Forms like these are commonly used as adjectives.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Particle of conjunction

वश्याः (vaśyāḥ) - amenable (obedient, amenable, subservient, under control)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaśya

vaśya - to be controlled, obedient, amenable, subject to

Gerundive

From root vaś 'to wish, to control' + ya (gerundive suffix)

Root: vaś (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Particle of conjunction

तथा एव (tathā eva) - in the same way, similarly, just so

(indeclinable)

Combination of indeclinables tathā and eva

Note: This is a combination of two indeclinables, `tathā` and `eva`.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler