महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-286, verse-2

पिता परं दैवतं मानवानां मातुर्विशिष्टं पितरं वदन्ति ।
ज्ञानस्य लाभं परमं वदन्ति जितेन्द्रियार्थाः परमाप्नुवन्ति ॥२॥

2. pitā paraṁ daivataṁ mānavānāṁ; māturviśiṣṭaṁ pitaraṁ vadanti ,
jñānasya lābhaṁ paramaṁ vadanti; jitendriyārthāḥ paramāpnuvanti.

2. pitā param daivatam mānavānām
mātuḥ viśiṣṭam pitaram vadanti
jñānasya lābham paramam vadanti
jitendriyārthāḥ param āpnuvanti

2. pitā mānavānām param daivatam
mātuḥ viśiṣṭam pitaram vadanti
jñānasya paramam lābham vadanti
jitendriyārthāḥ param āpnuvanti

2. The father is considered the supreme deity for human beings; they declare the father to be superior to the mother. The acquisition of knowledge (jñāna) is declared to be the highest gain. Those who have mastered their senses attain the ultimate.

Words meanings summery:

• पिता (pitā) - father

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• दैवतम् (daivatam) - deity, divinity, godhead

• मानवानाम् (mānavānām) - of human beings, of mankind

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - from the mother, than the mother

• विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - superior, distinguished, excellent, special

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak, they declare

• ज्ञानस्य (jñānasya) - of knowledge, pertaining to knowledge

• लाभम् (lābham) - gain, acquisition, attainment, profit

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak, they declare

• जितेन्द्रियार्थाः (jitendriyārthāḥ) - those who have mastered their senses (those who have conquered the objects of their senses)

• परम् (param) - the ultimate goal/state (supreme, highest, ultimate)

• आप्नुवन्ति (āpnuvanti) - they attain, they reach, they obtain

Words meanings and morphology

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, progenitor

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent; other, subsequent

Note: modifies 'daivatam'

दैवतम् (daivatam) - deity, divinity, godhead

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daivata

daivata - deity, divinity, godhead; divine being

derived from deva (god) + -ta (suffix for abstract noun or group)

मानवानाम् (mānavānām) - of human beings, of mankind

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, relating to humans; son of Manu, man

derived from manu (Manu, first man) + aṇ (suffix)

मातुः (mātuḥ) - from the mother, than the mother

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Used in comparison 'than the mother'

विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - superior, distinguished, excellent, special

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - superior, distinguished, excellent, special; specified

Past Passive Participle

root śiṣ (to distinguish) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: modifies 'pitaram'

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, progenitor

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present Active

Root: vad (class 1)

ज्ञानस्य (jñānasya) - of knowledge, pertaining to knowledge

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding

root jñā (to know) + ana (suffix)

Root: jñā (class 9)

लाभम् (lābham) - gain, acquisition, attainment, profit

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lābha

lābha - gain, acquisition, attainment, profit

root labh (to obtain) + a (suffix)

Root: labh (class 1)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent, best

superlative of para

Note: modifies 'lābham'

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present Active

Root: vad (class 1)

जितेन्द्रियार्थाः (jitendriyārthāḥ) - those who have mastered their senses (those who have conquered the objects of their senses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jitendriyārtha

jitendriyārtha - one who has conquered the objects of the senses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+indriya+artha)

• jita – conquered, subdued, won
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root ji (to conquer) + kta (suffix)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense; power, virility
  noun (neuter)
  derived from indra
• artha – object, purpose, meaning, wealth, thing
  noun (masculine)

परम् (param) - the ultimate goal/state (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - the ultimate, the supreme; the other, the next

आप्नुवन्ति (āpnuvanti) - they attain, they reach, they obtain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of āp

Present Active

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)