महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-286, verse-30

अधीत्य वेदांस्तपसा ब्रह्मचारी यज्ञाञ्शक्त्या संनिसृज्येह पञ्च ।
वनं गच्छेत्पुरुषो धर्मकामः श्रेयश्चित्वा स्थापयित्वा स्ववंशम् ॥३०॥

30. adhītya vedāṁstapasā brahmacārī; yajñāñśaktyā saṁnisṛjyeha pañca ,
vanaṁ gacchetpuruṣo dharmakāmaḥ; śreyaścitvā sthāpayitvā svavaṁśam.

30. adhītya vedān tapasā brahmacārī
yajñān śaktyā saṃnisṛjya iha pañca
vanam gacchet puruṣaḥ dharmakāmaḥ
śreyaḥ citvā sthāpayitvā svavaṃśam

30. brahmacārī puruṣaḥ dharmakāmaḥ
vedān adhītya tapasā iha śaktyā pañca
yajñān saṃnisṛjya svavaṃśam
sthāpayitvā śreyaḥ citvā vanam gacchet

30. A person desiring to fulfill their natural law (dharma), having first lived as a celibate student (brahmacārī) and studied the Vedas, having performed austerities (tapas), and having offered the five Vedic rituals (yajña) in this world according to their capacity, should, after establishing their lineage and accumulating merit, then proceed to the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied, having read

• वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas, sacred knowledge

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, by penance

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate student, one who observes celibacy

• यज्ञान् (yajñān) - Vedic rituals, acts of devotion

• शक्त्या (śaktyā) - according to capacity, with power, by ability

• संनिसृज्य (saṁnisṛjya) - having offered, having relinquished, having completely given up

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go, may go

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, a human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

• धर्मकामः (dharmakāmaḥ) - desiring natural law, desiring righteousness

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - merit, welfare, good

• चित्वा (citvā) - having collected, having accumulated

• स्थापयित्वा (sthāpayitvā) - having established, having caused to stand

• स्ववंशम् (svavaṁśam) - one's own lineage, one's family

Words meanings and morphology

अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied, having read

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'adhi', forming an absolutive. Meaning 'having gone over' -> 'having studied'.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas, sacred knowledge

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - sacred knowledge, Veda

From root 'vid' (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat

From root 'tap' (to heat, to suffer penance)

Root: tap (class 1)

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate student, one who observes celibacy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - a celibate student, one observing religious studenthood

Compound of 'brahman' (Vedic knowledge/Brahman) and 'cārin' (practicing/moving). Refers to the first stage of life (āśrama).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – sacred knowledge, Veda, Brahman (the Absolute)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• cārin – moving, practicing, observing
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'car'
  Agent noun from root 'car' (to move, to practice)
  Root: car (class 1)

यज्ञान् (yajñān) - Vedic rituals, acts of devotion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, devotion, worship, offering

From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice)

Root: yaj (class 1)

शक्त्या (śaktyā) - according to capacity, with power, by ability

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, ability, capacity

From root 'śak' (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

संनिसृज्य (saṁnisṛjya) - having offered, having relinquished, having completely given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive from root 'sṛj' (to emit, create, let go) with upasargas 'sam' and 'ni'. 'Sam' implies completeness, 'ni' implies down/into.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: sṛj (class 6)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Root: van (class 1)

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go, may go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Optative 3rd person singular

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root 'gam' (class 1, often takes 'gacch' stem).

Root: gam (class 1)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, a human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, cosmic person (puruṣa), soul

धर्मकामः (dharmakāmaḥ) - desiring natural law, desiring righteousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmakāma

dharmakāma - desiring righteousness, wishing for natural law (dharma)

Compound of 'dharma' (natural law) and 'kāma' (desiring).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+kāma)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kam' (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies puruṣaḥ.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - merit, welfare, good

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, good, merit, superior

Comparative form of 'śrī' or 'praśasta'

Note: Here used as a noun, meaning 'good fortune' or 'merit'.

चित्वा (citvā) - having collected, having accumulated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive from root 'ci' (to collect, pile up)

Root: ci (class 5)

स्थापयित्वा (sthāpayitvā) - having established, having caused to stand

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (causative)

Absolutive from the causative stem of root 'sthā' (to stand). Causative stem is 'sthāpaya'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

स्ववंशम् (svavaṁśam) - one's own lineage, one's family

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svavaṃśa

svavaṁśa - one's own lineage, family

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'vaṃśa' (lineage, family).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+vaṃśa)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective
• vaṃśa – lineage, family, race, bamboo
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaṃś (class 1)