महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-286, verse-38

गृहेषु येषामसवः पतन्ति तेषामथो निर्हरणं प्रशस्तम् ।
यानेन वै प्रापणं च श्मशाने शौचेन नूनं विधिना चैव दाहः ॥३८॥

38. gṛheṣu yeṣāmasavaḥ patanti; teṣāmatho nirharaṇaṁ praśastam ,
yānena vai prāpaṇaṁ ca śmaśāne; śaucena nūnaṁ vidhinā caiva dāhaḥ.

38. gṛheṣu yeṣām asavaḥ patanti teṣām
atho nirharaṇam praśastam
yānena vai prāpaṇam ca śmaśāne
śaucena nūnam vidhinā ca eva dāhaḥ

38. yeṣām asavaḥ gṛheṣu patanti,
atho teṣām nirharaṇam praśastam.
vai yānena ca śmaśāne prāpaṇam,
nūnam śaucena vidhinā ca eva dāhaḥ

38. For those whose lives end in their homes, their funeral procession is prescribed. Conveying them by vehicle to the cremation ground, and then performing the cremation with purification and according to the proper rituals, is indeed the correct procedure.

Words meanings summery:

• गृहेषु (gṛheṣu) - in their homes (referring to the deceased) (in houses, in homes)

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - of those (whose lives end) (whose, of whom)

• असवः (asavaḥ) - lives (referring to deceased persons) (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• पतन्ति (patanti) - they cease (lives ending) (they fall, they cease)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (the deceased) (of them, for them)

• अथो (atho) - then, therefore (indicating consequence) (then, therefore, now)

• निर्हरणम् (nirharaṇam) - funeral procession (carrying out, removal, funeral procession)

• प्रशस्तम् (praśastam) - prescribed, proper (for the funeral rites) (praised, excellent, prescribed, proper)

• यानेन (yānena) - by vehicle (by vehicle, by conveyance)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, certainly)

• प्रापणम् (prāpaṇam) - conveying (to the cremation ground) (causing to reach, conveying, reaching)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• श्मशाने (śmaśāne) - to the cremation ground (in the cremation ground, to the cremation ground)

• शौचेन (śaucena) - with purification (by purification, with purity)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly (surely, certainly, indeed)

• विधिना (vidhinā) - according to the prescribed rites (by rule, by prescribed rites, according to the method)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• दाहः (dāhaḥ) - cremation (burning, cremation)

Words meanings and morphology

गृहेषु (gṛheṣu) - in their homes (referring to the deceased) (in houses, in homes)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of gṛha

gṛha - house, home

येषाम् (yeṣām) - of those (whose lives end) (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Plural genitive form, referring to individuals.

असवः (asavaḥ) - lives (referring to deceased persons) (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asu

asu - breath, life, vital air

Root: as (class 2)

पतन्ति (patanti) - they cease (lives ending) (they fall, they cease)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Present active indicative

3rd person plural, parasmaipada

Root: pat (class 1)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (the deceased) (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Often used in connection with yad (yeṣām ... teṣām).

अथो (atho) - then, therefore (indicating consequence) (then, therefore, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Form of atha (indeclinable).

निर्हरणम् (nirharaṇam) - funeral procession (carrying out, removal, funeral procession)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirharaṇa

nirharaṇa - carrying out, removal, funeral

Derived from hṛ (to carry) with nis (out)

Prefix: nis

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Action noun from root hṛ with prefix nis.

प्रशस्तम् (praśastam) - prescribed, proper (for the funeral rites) (praised, excellent, prescribed, proper)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of praśasta

praśasta - praised, approved, auspicious, prescribed

Past Passive Participle

From root śaṃs (to praise) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nirharaṇam.

यानेन (yānena) - by vehicle (by vehicle, by conveyance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yāna

yāna - going, moving, vehicle, carriage

From root yā (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, certainly)

(indeclinable)

प्रापणम् (prāpaṇam) - conveying (to the cremation ground) (causing to reach, conveying, reaching)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpaṇa

prāpaṇa - causing to reach, bringing, conveying

From root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

श्मशाने (śmaśāne) - to the cremation ground (in the cremation ground, to the cremation ground)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śmaśāna

śmaśāna - cremation ground, cemetery

Note: Locative case indicating destination or location.

शौचेन (śaucena) - with purification (by purification, with purity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness, purification

From śuci (pure)

Note: Indicates the means or manner.

नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly (surely, certainly, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

विधिना (vidhinā) - according to the prescribed rites (by rule, by prescribed rites, according to the method)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, ordinance, method, prescribed rite

From root dhā (to place, arrange) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates the means or manner.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

दाहः (dāhaḥ) - cremation (burning, cremation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāha

dāha - burning, combustion, cremation

From root dah (to burn)

Root: dah (class 1)