महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-278, verse-17

विज्ञातरूपः स तदा तपःसिद्धेन धन्विना ।
ज्ञात्वा शूलं च देवेशः पाणिना समनामयत् ॥१७॥

17. vijñātarūpaḥ sa tadā tapaḥsiddhena dhanvinā ,
jñātvā śūlaṁ ca deveśaḥ pāṇinā samanāmayat.

17. vijñātarūpaḥ sa tadā tapaḥsiddhena dhanvinā
jñātvā śūlam ca deveśaḥ pāṇinā samanamayat

17. tadā tapaḥsiddhena dhanvinā saḥ vijñātarūpaḥ
deveśaḥ śūlam jñātvā ca pāṇinā samanamayat

17. Then, his (Uśanas') form having been recognized by the archer (Shiva), who was perfected through asceticism (tapas), the Lord of the gods (Devesha), having perceived the trident, bent it with his hand.

Words meanings summery:

• विज्ञातरूपः (vijñātarūpaḥ) - whose form (Uśanas') was recognized (by Shiva) (whose form was recognized, having a known form)

• स (sa) - he (Uśanas) (he)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तपःसिद्धेन (tapaḥsiddhena) - by Shiva, who was perfected in asceticism (tapas) (by one perfected in asceticism)

• धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by Shiva (the archer) (by the archer)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having understood the nature of (the trident) (having known, having recognized)

• शूलम् (śūlam) - the spear, the trident

• च (ca) - and

• देवेशः (deveśaḥ) - the Lord of the gods (Shiva) (the Lord of the gods)

• पाणिना (pāṇinā) - by hand, with the hand

• समनामयत् (samanāmayat) - bent, caused to bow, lowered

Words meanings and morphology

विज्ञातरूपः (vijñātarūpaḥ) - whose form (Uśanas') was recognized (by Shiva) (whose form was recognized, having a known form)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijñātarūpa

vijñātarūpa - having a known form, recognized, manifest

Bahuvrihi compound: `vijñāta` (known, recognized, past passive participle of `vi-jñā`) + `rūpa` (form)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vijñāta+rūpa)

• vijñāta – known, recognized, understood
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from `vi` + root `jñā` + `kta` suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Uśanas (`sa`).

स (sa) - he (Uśanas) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

तपःसिद्धेन (tapaḥsiddhena) - by Shiva, who was perfected in asceticism (tapas) (by one perfected in asceticism)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tapaḥsiddha

tapaḥsiddha - perfected by asceticism

Tatpurusha compound: `tapas` (asceticism) + `siddha` (perfected)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+siddha)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, austerity
  noun (neuter)
• siddha – perfected, accomplished, achieved
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  root `sidh` + `kta`
  Root: sidh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `dhanvinā`.

धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by Shiva (the archer) (by the archer)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, possessor of a bow

possessive suffix `vin` from `dhanus` (bow)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having understood the nature of (the trident) (having known, having recognized)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from root `jñā` + `tvā` suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

शूलम् (śūlam) - the spear, the trident

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūla

śūla - spear, pike, trident, spike

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

देवेशः (deveśaḥ) - the Lord of the gods (Shiva) (the Lord of the gods)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deveśa

deveśa - Lord of the gods, a name of Shiva

compound of `deva` (god) and `īśa` (lord)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (deva+īśa)

• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler, Shiva
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

पाणिना (pāṇinā) - by hand, with the hand

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

समनामयत् (samanāmayat) - bent, caused to bow, lowered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nam

Imperfect causative

Root `nam` with prefixes `sam` + `ā`, causative stem `nāmay`, Imperfect Tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: nam (class 1)