महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-262, verse-19

धर्ममेकं चतुष्पादमाश्रितास्ते नरर्षभाः ।
तं सन्तो विधिवत्प्राप्य गच्छन्ति परमां गतिम् ॥१९॥

19. dharmamekaṁ catuṣpādamāśritāste nararṣabhāḥ ,
taṁ santo vidhivatprāpya gacchanti paramāṁ gatim.

19. dharmam ekam catuṣpādam āśritāḥ te nararṣabhāḥ
tam santaḥ vidhivat prāpya gacchanti paramām gatim

19. te nararṣabhāḥ ekam catuṣpādam dharmam āśritāḥ; santaḥ
tam (dharmam) vidhivat prāpya paramām gatim gacchanti

19. Those excellent men (nararṣabha) upheld the singular, complete natural law (dharma). Having attained that (dharma) in a disciplined manner, the virtuous ones (santa) achieve the supreme state (gati).

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution)

• एकम् (ekam) - singular (one, single, unique)

• चतुष्पादम् (catuṣpādam) - complete, perfect (referring to dharma) (four-footed, complete, perfect)

• आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - upheld, resorted to (resorted to, adopted, dependent on, taken refuge in)

• ते (te) - those (men) (they, those)

• नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - excellent men (best among men, excellent men, leaders of men)

• तम् (tam) - that (dharma) (him, it, that)

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - the virtuous ones (good people, virtuous ones, existent ones, saints)

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - in a disciplined manner, properly (according to rule, properly, ritually, systematically)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained (having obtained, having reached, having attained)

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they achieve (they go, they attain, they reach)

• परमाम् (paramām) - supreme (highest, supreme, ultimate)

• गतिम् (gatim) - supreme state (destination, state, path, movement, liberation)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

एकम् (ekam) - singular (one, single, unique)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Note: Modifying 'dharmam'.

चतुष्पादम् (catuṣpādam) - complete, perfect (referring to dharma) (four-footed, complete, perfect)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of catuṣpāda

catuṣpāda - four-footed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (catur+pāda)

• catur – four
  numeral
• pāda – foot, quarter, part
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifying 'dharmam'.

आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - upheld, resorted to (resorted to, adopted, dependent on, taken refuge in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, dependent on

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śri' with prefix 'ā', suffix '-ta'

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nararṣabhāḥ'.

ते (te) - those (men) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'nararṣabhāḥ'.

नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - excellent men (best among men, excellent men, leaders of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - bull among men, best among men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that (dharma) (him, it, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'dharmam'.

सन्तः (santaḥ) - the virtuous ones (good people, virtuous ones, existent ones, saints)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sant

sant - good, virtuous, existing

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be) with suffix '-at'

Root: as (class 2)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - in a disciplined manner, properly (according to rule, properly, ritually, systematically)

(indeclinable)

From 'vidhi' with suffix '-vat'

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained (having obtained, having reached, having attained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'āp' with prefix 'pra', suffix '-ya'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they achieve (they go, they attain, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

परमाम् (paramām) - supreme (highest, supreme, ultimate)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, ultimate

Superlative degree of 'para'

Note: Modifying 'gatim'.

गतिम् (gatim) - supreme state (destination, state, path, movement, liberation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, destination, state

From root 'gam' (to go) with suffix '-ti'

Root: gam (class 1)