महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-262, verse-12

य एव प्रथमः कल्पस्तमेवाभ्याचरन्सह ।
अस्यां स्थितौ स्थितानां हि प्रायश्चित्तं न विद्यते ।
दुर्बलात्मन उत्पन्नं प्रायश्चित्तमिति श्रुतिः ॥१२॥

12. ya eva prathamaḥ kalpastamevābhyācaransaha ,
asyāṁ sthitau sthitānāṁ hi prāyaścittaṁ na vidyate ,
durbalātmana utpannaṁ prāyaścittamiti śrutiḥ.

12. yaḥ eva prathamaḥ kalpaḥ tam eva
abhyācaran saha asyām sthitau sthitānām
hi prāyaścittam na vidyate durbalātmanaḥ
utpannam prāyaścittam iti śrutiḥ

12. yaḥ eva prathamaḥ kalpaḥ tam eva saha
abhyācaran asyām sthitau sthitānām
hi prāyaścittam na vidyate prāyaścittam
durbalātmanaḥ utpannam iti śrutiḥ

12. They indeed followed together that which is the primary ideal (kalpa). For those established in this state, no expiation (prāyaścitta) exists. It is the sacred text (śruti) that declares: "Expiation arises from a weak inner self (ātman)."

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - first, primary, foremost

• कल्पः (kalpaḥ) - ideal, primary rule (ideal, rule, ritual, age, choice, possibility)

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• अभ्याचरन् (abhyācaran) - they practiced, they followed

• सह (saha) - with, together

• अस्याम् (asyām) - in this (feminine)

• स्थितौ (sthitau) - in the state, in the condition

• स्थितानाम् (sthitānām) - of those who are established, for those who stand

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - expiation (prāyaścitta) (expiation, atonement, penance)

• न (na) - not, no

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

• दुर्बलात्मनः (durbalātmanaḥ) - from a weak inner self (ātman) (from a weak self, of a weak self)

• उत्पन्नम् (utpannam) - arisen, produced, born

• प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - expiation (prāyaścitta) (expiation, atonement, penance)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, often indicates a quotation

• श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - sacred text (śruti) (sacred text, Vedic revelation, hearing)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - first, primary, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, primary, foremost, chief

कल्पः (kalpaḥ) - ideal, primary rule (ideal, rule, ritual, age, choice, possibility)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalpa

kalpa - ideal, rule, ritual, age (of the world), choice, possibility, option

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

अभ्याचरन् (abhyācaran) - they practiced, they followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (Laṅ) of car

Root 'car' (to move, practice) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: car (class 1)

सह (saha) - with, together

(indeclinable)

अस्याम् (asyām) - in this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

स्थितौ (sthitau) - in the state, in the condition

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - state, condition, position, permanence

स्थितानाम् (sthitānām) - of those who are established, for those who stand

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - established, standing, situated, firm

Past Passive Participle

Root 'sthā' (to stand), PPP 'sthita'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - expiation (prāyaścitta) (expiation, atonement, penance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāyaścitta

prāyaścitta - expiation, atonement, penance, ritual penance

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (Laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 4)

दुर्बलात्मनः (durbalātmanaḥ) - from a weak inner self (ātman) (from a weak self, of a weak self)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of durbalātman

durbalātman - one with a weak self/mind

Compound type : Tatpurusha (durbala+ātman)

• durbala – weak, feeble, infirm
  adjective
  Prefix: dus
  Root: bal
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)

उत्पन्नम् (utpannam) - arisen, produced, born

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utpanna

utpanna - arisen, produced, born, come into being

Past Passive Participle

Root 'pad' (to go, fall) with prefix 'ud' (up), forming 'utpad', PPP 'utpanna'.

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - expiation (prāyaścitta) (expiation, atonement, penance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāyaścitta

prāyaścitta - expiation, atonement, penance, ritual penance

इति (iti) - thus, so, often indicates a quotation

(indeclinable)

श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - sacred text (śruti) (sacred text, Vedic revelation, hearing)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śruti

śruti - sacred text, Vedic revelation, hearing, tradition