महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-260, verse-9

तां गामृषिः स्यूमरश्मिः प्रविश्य यतिमब्रवीत् ।
हंहो वेदा यदि मता धर्माः केनापरे मताः ॥९॥

9. tāṁ gāmṛṣiḥ syūmaraśmiḥ praviśya yatimabravīt ,
haṁho vedā yadi matā dharmāḥ kenāpare matāḥ.

9. tām gām ṛṣiḥ syūmaraśmiḥ praviśya yatim abravīt
haṃho vedāḥ yadi matāḥ dharmāḥ kena apare matāḥ

9. ṛṣiḥ syūmaraśmiḥ tām gām praviśya yatim abravīt haṃho yadi vedāḥ matāḥ,
apare dharmāḥ kena matāḥ

9. The sage Syumarashmi, having approached that cow, addressed the ascetic: "Oh! If the Vedas are accepted as authoritative, then by what means or authority are other principles of natural law (dharma) considered valid?"

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (that, her, it)

• गाम् (gām) - cow (cow, earth, speech)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage (sage, seer)

• स्यूमरश्मिः (syūmaraśmiḥ) - the sage Syumarashmi (the sage Syumarashmi (proper name))

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having approached (having entered, having approached)

• यतिम् (yatim) - ascetic (ascetic, renunciant)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

• हंहो (haṁho) - Oh! (Oh!, Hey!, Listen! (vocative particle))

• वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

• मताः (matāḥ) - accepted (as authoritative) (accepted, considered, thought)

• धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - principles of natural law (dharma) (principles of natural law, duties, virtues)

• केन (kena) - by what authority (by whom, by what)

• अपरे (apare) - other (other, different)

• मताः (matāḥ) - accepted (as valid) (accepted, considered, thought)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (that, her, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

गाम् (gām) - cow (cow, earth, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, bull, earth, ray of light, speech, heaven, water

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic hymn author

Root: ṛṣ

स्यूमरश्मिः (syūmaraśmiḥ) - the sage Syumarashmi (the sage Syumarashmi (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of syūmaraśmi

syūmaraśmi - (name of a sage) "whose rays are threads" or "having bright threads"

Compound type : bahuvrihi (syūma+raśmi)

• syūma – thread, cord, string
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root siv.
  Root: siv (class 4)
• raśmi – ray, beam, rein, cord
  noun (masculine)

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having approached (having entered, having approached)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root viś with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

यतिम् (yatim) - ascetic (ascetic, renunciant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yati

yati - ascetic, renunciant, one who has restrained his passions

Root: yam (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect

Root: brū (class 2)

हंहो (haṁho) - Oh! (Oh!, Hey!, Listen! (vocative particle))

(indeclinable)

Particle of address/exclamation.

वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - sacred knowledge, revelation, the Vedas (Rg, Sāma, Yajur, Atharva)

Derived from root vid.

Root: vid (class 2)

यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

(indeclinable)

मताः (matāḥ) - accepted (as authoritative) (accepted, considered, thought)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mata

mata - thought, considered, accepted, intended, approved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root man.

Root: man (class 4)

धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - principles of natural law (dharma) (principles of natural law, duties, virtues)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

Derived from root dhṛ.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

केन (kena) - by what authority (by whom, by what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Can also be neuter.

अपरे (apare) - other (other, different)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, different, subsequent, inferior

मताः (matāḥ) - accepted (as valid) (accepted, considered, thought)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mata

mata - thought, considered, accepted, intended, approved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root man.

Root: man (class 4)