महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-260, verse-23

एतच्चैवाभ्यनुज्ञातं पूर्वैः पूर्वतरैस्तथा ।
को जातु न विचिन्वीत विद्वान्स्वां शक्तिमात्मनः ॥२३॥

23. etaccaivābhyanujñātaṁ pūrvaiḥ pūrvataraistathā ,
ko jātu na vicinvīta vidvānsvāṁ śaktimātmanaḥ.

23. etat ca eva abhyanujñātam pūrvaiḥ pūrvataraiḥ tathā
kaḥ jātu na vicinvīta vidvān svām śaktim ātmanaḥ

23. etat ca eva pūrvaiḥ tathā pūrvataraiḥ abhyanujñātam
kaḥ vidvān jātu ātmanaḥ svām śaktim na vicinvīta

23. And this, indeed, was approved by the ancients and similarly by even more ancient sages. What wise person would ever fail to examine their own intrinsic power (śakti) of the self (ātman)?

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this principle (of yajña or spiritual endeavor) (this, this (matter))

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अभ्यनुज्ञातम् (abhyanujñātam) - approved, consented to, sanctioned

• पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by the ancient ones, by the predecessors

• पूर्वतरैः (pūrvataraiḥ) - by the even more ancient ones, by the earliest predecessors

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in the same way, similarly

• कः (kaḥ) - what kind of person? (who?)

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time, indeed

• न (na) - not

• विचिन्वीत (vicinvīta) - would investigate, would examine

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person (a wise person, knowing)

• स्वाम् (svām) - one's own

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - intrinsic power (śakti) (power, capacity, energy)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman) (of the self, of one's inner being)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this principle (of yajña or spiritual endeavor) (this, this (matter))

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the concept of yajña or the general principle discussed.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अभ्यनुज्ञातम् (abhyanujñātam) - approved, consented to, sanctioned

(participle)

neuter, singular of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - approved, consented, permitted, sanctioned

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root jñā- (to know) with prefixes abhi- and anu-.

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by the ancient ones, by the predecessors

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, ancient, prior, eastern

Note: Refers to ancient sages or progenitors.

पूर्वतरैः (pūrvataraiḥ) - by the even more ancient ones, by the earliest predecessors

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pūrvatara

pūrvatara - more ancient, earlier, prior

Comparative degree of pūrva.

Note: Refers to even older generations of sages.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in the same way, similarly

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - what kind of person? (who?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic adverb, often with negative.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

विचिन्वीत (vicinvīta) - would investigate, would examine

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of vi-ci

Optative (Liṅ), middle voice

Optative (Liṅ), 3rd person singular, middle voice of root ci- (to gather, observe) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: ci (class 5)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person (a wise person, knowing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - knowing, learned, wise, a wise person

Perfect Active Participle

Perfect Active Participle (Nom. sing. masc.) of root vid- (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Functions as a noun here, 'a wise person'.

स्वाम् (svām) - one's own

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Qualifies śaktim.

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - intrinsic power (śakti) (power, capacity, energy)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, capacity, energy; a divine feminine energy (śakti)

From root śak- (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman) (of the self, of one's inner being)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)

Note: Possessive case, qualifying śaktim.