महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-260, verse-24

पशवश्च मनुष्याश्च द्रुमाश्चौषधिभिः सह ।
स्वर्गमेवाभिकाङ्क्षन्ते न च स्वर्गस्त्वृते मखम् ॥२४॥

24. paśavaśca manuṣyāśca drumāścauṣadhibhiḥ saha ,
svargamevābhikāṅkṣante na ca svargastvṛte makham.

24. paśavaḥ ca manuṣyāḥ ca drumāḥ ca oṣadhibhiḥ saha
svargam eva abhikāṅkṣante na ca svargaḥ tu ṛte makham

24. paśavaḥ ca manuṣyāḥ ca drumāḥ ca oṣadhibhiḥ saha
svargam eva abhikāṅkṣante ca tu svargaḥ makham ṛte na

24. Animals, humans, trees, and herbs alike—all indeed aspire to heaven (svarga). Yet, heaven (svarga) cannot be attained without a Vedic ritual (makha).

Words meanings summery:

• पशवः (paśavaḥ) - animals, cattle

• च (ca) - and

• मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - humans, mankind

• च (ca) - and

• द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

• च (ca) - and

• ओषधिभिः (oṣadhibhiḥ) - by means of herbs, with herbs

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, heavenly abode)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अभिकाङ्क्षन्ते (abhikāṅkṣante) - they desire, they long for, they aspire to

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and

• स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, heavenly abode)

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• ऋते (ṛte) - without (governs accusative)

• मखम् (makham) - Vedic ritual (makha) (Vedic ritual, offering)

Words meanings and morphology

पशवः (paśavaḥ) - animals, cattle

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, cattle, sacrificial animal

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - humans, mankind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, man, mankind

Derived from Manu, the mythical progenitor of mankind.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ओषधिभिः (oṣadhibhiḥ) - by means of herbs, with herbs

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of oṣadhi

oṣadhi - herb, medicinal plant

Note: Used with saha to mean 'along with herbs'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, heavenly abode)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial region, paradise (svarga)

From su- (good) + gam- (to go), implying 'going to good'.

Prefix: su

Root: gam (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अभिकाङ्क्षन्ते (abhikāṅkṣante) - they desire, they long for, they aspire to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of abhi-kāṅkṣ

Present (Laṭ), middle voice

Present (Laṭ), 3rd person plural, middle voice of root kāṅkṣ- (to desire) with prefix abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, heavenly abode)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial region, paradise (svarga)

From su- (good) + gam- (to go), implying 'going to good'.

Prefix: su

Root: gam (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive particle indicating contrast.

ऋते (ṛte) - without (governs accusative)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with the accusative case (makham).

मखम् (makham) - Vedic ritual (makha) (Vedic ritual, offering)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of makha

makha - Vedic ritual, offering, sacrifice, festival

Note: Synonym for yajña.