महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-218, verse-36

अयनं तस्य षण्मासा उत्तरं दक्षिणं तथा ।
येन संयाति लोकेषु शीतोष्णे विसृजन्रविः ॥३६॥

36. ayanaṁ tasya ṣaṇmāsā uttaraṁ dakṣiṇaṁ tathā ,
yena saṁyāti lokeṣu śītoṣṇe visṛjanraviḥ.

36. ayanam tasya ṣaṇmāsā uttaram dakṣiṇam tathā
yena saṃyāti lokeṣu śītoṣṇe visṛjan raviḥ

36. tasya ayanam uttaram dakṣiṇam tathā ṣaṇmāsā
yena raviḥ śītoṣṇe visṛjan lokeṣu saṃyāti

36. Its (the sun's) course spans six months, both northern and southern. Through this movement, the sun, by emitting cold and heat, travels across the worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• अयनम् (ayanam) - The sun's path or movement over a half-year period (solstice). (path, course, movement, half-year, solstice)

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sun. (his, its)

• षण्मासा (ṣaṇmāsā) - six months

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - Refers to the sun's northern course (Uttarāyaṇa). (northern, to the north)

• दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - Refers to the sun's southern course (Dakṣiṇāyana). (southern, to the south)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• येन (yena) - By which path/movement. (by which, by whom)

• संयाति (saṁyāti) - moves, travels, goes together

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - among the worlds, in the worlds, in the realms

• शीतोष्णे (śītoṣṇe) - cold and heat

• विसृजन् (visṛjan) - emitting, releasing, letting go

• रविः (raviḥ) - the sun

Words meanings and morphology

अयनम् (ayanam) - The sun's path or movement over a half-year period (solstice). (path, course, movement, half-year, solstice)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ayana

ayana - going, path, course, movement, half-year, solstice

From √i (to go) + ana suffix

Root: i (class 2)

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sun. (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

षण्मासा (ṣaṇmāsā) - six months

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṣaṇmāsa

ṣaṇmāsa - six months

From ṣaṣ (six) + māsa (month)

Compound type : dvigu (ṣaṣ+māsa)

• ṣaṣ – six
  numeral
• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound meaning "six-month period".

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - Refers to the sun's northern course (Uttarāyaṇa). (northern, to the north)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - upper, northern, later, subsequent

Note: Describes ayanam (implied).

दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - Refers to the sun's southern course (Dakṣiṇāyana). (southern, to the south)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - southern, right, dexterous

Note: Describes ayanam (implied).

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

येन (yena) - By which path/movement. (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

संयाति (saṁyāti) - moves, travels, goes together

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √i

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject is raviḥ.

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - among the worlds, in the worlds, in the realms

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Root: lok (class 1)

शीतोष्णे (śītoṣṇe) - cold and heat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of śītoṣṇa

śītoṣṇa - cold and heat, cold-hot (as an adjective)

From śīta (cold) + uṣṇa (hot)

Compound type : dvandva (śīta+uṣṇa)

• śīta – cold, cool
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √śyai (to freeze, be cold)
  Root: śyai (class 1)
• uṣṇa – hot, warm, heat
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √uṣ (to burn)
  Root: uṣ (class 1)

Note: Represents the two qualities/extremes emitted by the sun.

विसृजन् (visṛjan) - emitting, releasing, letting go

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visṛjat

visṛjat - emitting, releasing, creating

Present Active Participle

From vi + √sṛj (to emit, create, let go)

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

रविः (raviḥ) - the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ravi

ravi - the sun

Note: Subject of saṃyāti.