महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-203, verse-32

तद्वत्सोमगुणा जिह्वा गन्धस्तु पृथिवीगुणः ।
श्रोत्रं शब्दगुणं चैव चक्षुरग्नेर्गुणस्तथा ।
स्पर्शं वायुगुणं विद्यात्सर्वभूतेषु सर्वदा ॥३२॥

32. tadvatsomaguṇā jihvā gandhastu pṛthivīguṇaḥ ,
śrotraṁ śabdaguṇaṁ caiva cakṣuragnerguṇastathā ,
sparśaṁ vāyuguṇaṁ vidyātsarvabhūteṣu sarvadā.

32. tadvat soma-guṇā jihvā gandhaḥ tu
pṛthivī-guṇaḥ śrotram śabda-guṇam ca
eva cakṣuḥ agneḥ guṇaḥ tathā sparśam
vāyu-guṇam vidyāt sarva-bhūteṣu sarvadā

32. tadvat jihvā soma-guṇā gandhaḥ tu
pṛthivī-guṇaḥ śrotram ca eva śabda-guṇam
tathā cakṣuḥ agneḥ guṇaḥ sparśam
vāyu-guṇam sarva-bhūteṣu sarvadā vidyāt

32. Similarly, the tongue possesses the quality of water (taste), and smell is a quality of earth. The ear is characterized by the quality of sound, and the eye, similarly, by the quality of fire. One should always know touch as a quality of air, present in all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly, in the same way, like that

• सोम-गुणा (soma-guṇā) - having the quality of taste (associated with water) (having the quality of Soma (water/moon); having the quality of taste)

• जिह्वा (jihvā) - tongue

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell, odor, fragrance

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, and

• पृथिवी-गुणः (pṛthivī-guṇaḥ) - having the quality of earth, pertaining to earth

• श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - ear, the sense of hearing

• शब्द-गुणम् (śabda-guṇam) - having the quality of sound, characterized by sound

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye, sight

• अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, attribute, property

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

• स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch, sense of touch

• वायु-गुणम् (vāyu-guṇam) - having the quality of air, pertaining to air

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know, one should understand

• सर्व-भूतेषु (sarva-bhūteṣu) - in all beings, in all elements/creatures

• सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always, at all times

Words meanings and morphology

तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly, in the same way, like that

(indeclinable)

From tad + vat (suffix meaning 'like', 'in the manner of')

सोम-गुणा (soma-guṇā) - having the quality of taste (associated with water) (having the quality of Soma (water/moon); having the quality of taste)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of soma-guṇa

soma-guṇa - having the quality of Soma; having the quality of water/moon; having the quality of taste

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (soma+guṇa)

• soma – Soma, the moon, water, a celestial drink, sap
  noun (masculine)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, property, excellence, constituent principle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with 'jihvā'.

जिह्वा (jihvā) - tongue

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell, odor, fragrance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, and

(indeclinable)

पृथिवी-गुणः (pṛthivī-guṇaḥ) - having the quality of earth, pertaining to earth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛthivī-guṇa

pṛthivī-guṇa - having the quality of earth, pertaining to earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+guṇa)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, property, excellence, constituent principle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with 'gandhaḥ'.

श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - ear, the sense of hearing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śrotra

śrotra - ear, the sense of hearing

Derived from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 1)

शब्द-गुणम् (śabda-guṇam) - having the quality of sound, characterized by sound

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śabda-guṇa

śabda-guṇa - having the quality of sound, characterized by sound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śabda+guṇa)

• śabda – sound, word, voice
  noun (masculine)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, property, excellence, constituent principle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with 'śrotram'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye, sight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight

अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, attribute, property

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, excellence, constituent principle

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch, sense of touch

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, the sense of touch, air

Derived from root spṛś (to touch)

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Accusative object of 'vidyāt'.

वायु-गुणम् (vāyu-guṇam) - having the quality of air, pertaining to air

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāyu-guṇa

vāyu-guṇa - having the quality of air, pertaining to air

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāyu+guṇa)

• vāyu – air, wind, the god of wind
  noun (masculine)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, property, excellence, constituent principle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with 'sparśam'.

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know, one should understand

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vid

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root vid, class 2, parasmaipada.

Root: vid (class 2)

सर्व-भूतेषु (sarva-bhūteṣu) - in all beings, in all elements/creatures

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarva-bhūta

sarva-bhūta - all beings, all elements, all creatures

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, what has been
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhū (to be, to become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always, at all times

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) + dā (suffix meaning 'at all times')