महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-203, verse-29

शब्दः स्पर्शोऽथ रूपं च रसो गन्धस्तथैव च ।
विज्ञेयं व्यापकं चित्तं तेषु सर्वगतं मनः ॥२९॥

29. śabdaḥ sparśo'tha rūpaṁ ca raso gandhastathaiva ca ,
vijñeyaṁ vyāpakaṁ cittaṁ teṣu sarvagataṁ manaḥ.

29. śabdaḥ sparśaḥ atha rūpam ca rasaḥ gandhaḥ tathā
eva ca vijñeyam vyāpakam cittam teṣu sarvagam manaḥ

29. śabdaḥ,
sparśaḥ,
atha rūpam ca,
rasaḥ,
gandhaḥ tathā eva ca (viṣayāḥ santi) vyāpakam cittam vijñeyam (asti) teṣu manaḥ sarvagam (asti)

29. Sound, touch, form, taste, and smell are the [objects of perception]. The pervasive consciousness (citta) is to be known. Among these, the mind (manas) is all-pervading.

Words meanings summery:

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - Object of the sense of hearing. (sound, word, voice)

• स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - Object of the sense of touch. (touch, contact, tactile sensation)

• अथ (atha) - Used here to introduce the next item in a list, akin to 'and then'. (then, next, now, moreover)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - Object of the sense of sight. (form, appearance, color, beauty)

• च (ca) - and

• रसः (rasaḥ) - Object of the sense of taste. (taste, juice, essence, emotion)

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - Object of the sense of smell. (smell, odor, fragrance)

• तथा (tathā) - Used as 'and similarly', 'and also'. (thus, so, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'tathā', making it 'and indeed so', or 'and also'. (indeed, just, only, precisely)

• च (ca) - and

• विज्ञेयम् (vijñeyam) - to be known, knowable, understandable

• व्यापकम् (vyāpakam) - pervasive, extensive, universal, comprehensive

• चित्तम् (cittam) - The broader cognitive faculty, distinct from 'manas' here. (consciousness, mind, intellect)

• तेषु (teṣu) - Among the sense objects (sound, touch, form, taste, smell) or the senses themselves. (among them, in them)

• सर्वगम् (sarvagam) - Describes the nature of 'manas'. (all-pervading, omnipresent)

• मनः (manaḥ) - The active mental faculty, distinct from 'citta'. (mind, intellect, understanding)

Words meanings and morphology

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - Object of the sense of hearing. (sound, word, voice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, speech, language

Derived from root śabd (to sound)

Root: śabd (class 1)

स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - Object of the sense of touch. (touch, contact, tactile sensation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, tactile sensation, wind

Derived from root spṛś (to touch) + a (suffix)

Root: spṛś (class 6)

अथ (atha) - Used here to introduce the next item in a list, akin to 'and then'. (then, next, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

रूपम् (rūpam) - Object of the sense of sight. (form, appearance, color, beauty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, image, nature

Root: rūp (class 10)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रसः (rasaḥ) - Object of the sense of taste. (taste, juice, essence, emotion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - taste, juice, essence, fluid, sentiment, emotion, mercury

Derived from root ras (to taste, roar)

Root: ras (class 1)

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - Object of the sense of smell. (smell, odor, fragrance)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance, scent, trace, connection

Derived from root gandh (to smell)

Root: gandh (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - Used as 'and similarly', 'and also'. (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'tathā', making it 'and indeed so', or 'and also'. (indeed, just, only, precisely)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विज्ञेयम् (vijñeyam) - to be known, knowable, understandable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vijñeya

vijñeya - to be known, knowable, understandable, discernible

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From prefix vi + root jñā (to know) + ya (suffix)

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

व्यापकम् (vyāpakam) - pervasive, extensive, universal, comprehensive

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyāpaka

vyāpaka - pervading, extensive, comprehensive, universal, reaching everywhere

From prefix vi + ā + root ap (to obtain, reach) + ka (suffix)

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

चित्तम् (cittam) - The broader cognitive faculty, distinct from 'manas' here. (consciousness, mind, intellect)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, consciousness, intellect, heart

Past Passive Participle or noun from root

From root cit (to perceive, know, observe)

Root: cit (class 1)

तेषु (teṣu) - Among the sense objects (sound, touch, form, taste, smell) or the senses themselves. (among them, in them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

सर्वगम् (sarvagam) - Describes the nature of 'manas'. (all-pervading, omnipresent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarvaga

sarvaga - all-pervading, omnipresent, going everywhere

Compound of sarva (all) + ga (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+ga)

• sarva – all, every, whole, complete
  pronoun/adjective
• ga – going, moving, resting in
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  agent noun
  From root gam (to go) + a (suffix)
  Root: gam (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - The active mental faculty, distinct from 'citta'. (mind, intellect, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, thought, heart, consciousness

Derived from root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)