महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-125, verse-9

सुमित्रो नाम राजर्षिर्हैहयो मृगयां गतः ।
ससार स मृगं विद्ध्वा बाणेन नतपर्वणा ॥९॥

9. sumitro nāma rājarṣirhaihayo mṛgayāṁ gataḥ ,
sasāra sa mṛgaṁ viddhvā bāṇena nataparvaṇā.

9. sumitraḥ nāma rājarṣiḥ haihayaḥ mṛgayām gataḥ
sasāra sa mṛgam viddhvā bāṇena nataparvaṇā

9. haihayaḥ nāma rājarṣiḥ sumitraḥ mṛgayām gataḥ
sa nataparvaṇā bāṇena mṛgam viddhvā sasāra

9. A royal sage named Sumitra, belonging to the Haihaya lineage, went hunting. Having wounded a deer with an arrow that had a bent shaft, he pursued it.

Words meanings summery:

• सुमित्रः (sumitraḥ) - Sumitra, the royal sage (Sumitra (name of a king))

• नाम (nāma) - named (by name, named, indeed, verily)

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - a royal sage (royal sage, kingly seer)

• हैहयः (haihayaḥ) - belonging to the Haihaya lineage (of the Haihaya clan, a Haihaya)

• मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - for hunting (hunting, the chase)

• गतः (gataḥ) - went (gone, went, arrived)

• ससार (sasāra) - he pursued (he ran, he flowed, he pursued)

• स (sa) - he (the king) (he, that)

• मृगम् (mṛgam) - the deer (deer, wild animal)

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having wounded (having pierced, having wounded)

• बाणेन (bāṇena) - with an arrow (by an arrow)

• नतपर्वणा (nataparvaṇā) - with a bent shaft (describing the arrow) (with a bent-jointed, with a bent-shafted (arrow))

Words meanings and morphology

सुमित्रः (sumitraḥ) - Sumitra, the royal sage (Sumitra (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumitra

sumitra - good friend, having good friends; (name) Sumitra

नाम (nāma) - named (by name, named, indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - a royal sage (royal sage, kingly seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, kingly seer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj
• ṛṣi – seer, sage, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

हैहयः (haihayaḥ) - belonging to the Haihaya lineage (of the Haihaya clan, a Haihaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haihaya

haihaya - name of an ancient royal lineage or people

Note: Adjective modifying rājarṣiḥ.

मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - for hunting (hunting, the chase)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgayā

mṛgayā - hunting, the chase, pursuit of game

Root: mṛg

Note: Used here to indicate the purpose of going.

गतः (gataḥ) - went (gone, went, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, obtained, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sumitraḥ.

ससार (sasāra) - he pursued (he ran, he flowed, he pursued)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √sṛ

Perfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Reduplicated perfect form of √sṛ.

Root: sṛ (class 1)

स (sa) - he (the king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to rājarṣiḥ sumitraḥ.

मृगम् (mṛgam) - the deer (deer, wild animal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, antelope, wild animal, game

Root: mṛg

Note: Object of viddhvā and sasāra.

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having wounded (having pierced, having wounded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

From root √vyadh (to pierce, strike) + -tvā.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

बाणेन (bāṇena) - with an arrow (by an arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow, shaft

Note: Instrument of viddhvā.

नतपर्वणा (nataparvaṇā) - with a bent shaft (describing the arrow) (with a bent-jointed, with a bent-shafted (arrow))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nataparvan

nataparvan - having bent joints or knots (referring to an arrow whose shaft is bent)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nata+parvan)

• nata – bent, bowed, humbled
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nam (to bend, bow).
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – knot, joint, section, limb (of an arrow shaft)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with bāṇena.