महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-125, verse-22

ऋषयो राजशार्दूलमपृच्छन्स्वं प्रयोजनम् ।
केन भद्रमुखार्थेन संप्राप्तोऽसि तपोवनम् ॥२२॥

22. ṛṣayo rājaśārdūlamapṛcchansvaṁ prayojanam ,
kena bhadramukhārthena saṁprāpto'si tapovanam.

22. ṛṣayaḥ rājaśārdūlam apṛcchan svam prayojanam
kena bhadramukhārthena samprāptaḥ asi tapovanam

22. ṛṣayaḥ rājaśārdūlam svam prayojanam apṛcchan,
(ūcuśca) he bhadramukha,
kena arthena tapovanam samprāptaḥ asi?

22. The sages asked the foremost of kings, 'What is your purpose? O gentle one, for what auspicious reason have you arrived at this hermitage?'

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• राजशार्दूलम् (rājaśārdūlam) - the best of kings, tiger among kings

• अपृच्छन् (apṛcchan) - they asked

• स्वम् (svam) - own, his own

• प्रयोजनम् (prayojanam) - purpose, reason, motive

• केन (kena) - for what (reason) (by what, with what, for what)

• भद्रमुखार्थेन (bhadramukhārthena) - for what auspicious purpose (for an auspicious purpose, with an auspicious face (purpose))

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived, attained, reached

• असि (asi) - you are

• तपोवनम् (tapovanam) - hermitage, forest for austerities

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

राजशार्दूलम् (rājaśārdūlam) - the best of kings, tiger among kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājaśārdūla

rājaśārdūla - foremost of kings, tiger among kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• śārdūla – tiger, best of (used as a superlative suffix)
  noun (masculine)

अपृच्छन् (apṛcchan) - they asked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pracch

imperfect tense (laṅ)

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice of root pracch

Root: pracch (class 6)

स्वम् (svam) - own, his own

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Can be an adjective 'own' or a noun 'one's own relative/property'.

प्रयोजनम् (prayojanam) - purpose, reason, motive

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prayojana

prayojana - purpose, object, motive, reason, utility

Derived from pra-yuj (to join, to employ)

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

केन (kena) - for what (reason) (by what, with what, for what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

भद्रमुखार्थेन (bhadramukhārthena) - for what auspicious purpose (for an auspicious purpose, with an auspicious face (purpose))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhadramukhārtha

bhadramukhārtha - auspicious purpose; one whose face is auspicious, gentle one (when used in vocative)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhadramukha+artha)

• bhadramukha – auspicious face, gentle one
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived, attained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - arrived, obtained, gained, attained

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root āp (to obtain) with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense (laṭ)

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice of root as

Root: as (class 2)

तपोवनम् (tapovanam) - hermitage, forest for austerities

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapovana

tapovana - hermitage, sacred grove, forest of austerities

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+vana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)