महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-125, verse-20

प्रविश्य तु महारण्यं तापसानामथाश्रमम् ।
आससाद ततो राजा श्रान्तश्चोपाविशत्पुनः ॥२०॥

20. praviśya tu mahāraṇyaṁ tāpasānāmathāśramam ,
āsasāda tato rājā śrāntaścopāviśatpunaḥ.

20. praviśya tu mahā-araṇyam tāpasānām atha āśramam
āsasāda tataḥ rājā śrāntaḥ ca upāviśat punaḥ

20. praviśya tu mahā-araṇyam,
rājā tāpasānām āśramam atha āsasāda.
tataḥ śrāntaḥ ca punaḥ upāviśat

20. Having entered the great forest, the king then reached the hermitage (āśrama) of the ascetics. Thereafter, exhausted, he sat down again.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizes the continuation of the action) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• महा-अरण्यम् (mahā-araṇyam) - great forest (great forest, vast wilderness)

• तापसानाम् (tāpasānām) - of the ascetics (of the ascetics, of the hermits)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage (āśrama) (hermitage, asylum, retreat (āśrama))

• आससाद (āsasāda) - he reached (he reached, he arrived at, he obtained)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter (then, thence, afterwards)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (deer) (king, sovereign)

• श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired, exhausted (tired, weary, exhausted)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he sat down

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, back)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed from prefix pra- + √viś (to enter)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Connects to 'āsasāda'.

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizes the continuation of the action) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of emphasis or contrast.

महा-अरण्यम् (mahā-araṇyam) - great forest (great forest, vast wilderness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahā-araṇya

mahā-araṇya - great forest, vast wilderness

Compound formed from mahā (great) and araṇya (forest)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+araṇya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• araṇya – forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'praviśya'.

तापसानाम् (tāpasānām) - of the ascetics (of the ascetics, of the hermits)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, one who practices austerity (tapas)

Derived from tapas (asceticism)

Note: Possessive, describing whose hermitage.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal connector.

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage (āśrama) (hermitage, asylum, retreat (āśrama))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, sacred retreat, stage of life (āśrama)

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of 'āsasāda'.

आससाद (āsasāda) - he reached (he reached, he arrived at, he obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sad

Perfect

Formed from prefix ā- + √sad (to sit/approach), Perfect 3rd person singular active

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence (reaching).

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal connector.

राजा (rājā) - the king (deer) (king, sovereign)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Subject of 'āsasāda' and 'upāviśat'.

श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired, exhausted (tired, weary, exhausted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrānta

śrānta - tired, weary, exhausted

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √śram (to be weary, exert oneself)

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'śrāntaḥ' and 'upāviśat'.

उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he sat down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of viś

Imperfect

Formed from prefix upa- + ā- + √viś (to enter/sit), Imperfect 3rd person singular active

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Final action of the king.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, back)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes repetition of the action (sitting, probably implied he sat before or needed to sit down again after running).