महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-125, verse-3

पितामहाशा महती ममासीद्धि सुयोधने ।
प्राप्ते युद्धे तु यद्युक्तं तत्कर्तायमिति प्रभो ॥३॥

3. pitāmahāśā mahatī mamāsīddhi suyodhane ,
prāpte yuddhe tu yadyuktaṁ tatkartāyamiti prabho.

3. pitāmaha āśā mahatī mama āsīt hi Suyodhane prāpte
yuddhe tu yat yuktam tat kartā ayam iti prabho

3. pitāmaha mama hi Suyodhane mahatī āśā āsīt tu yuddhe prāpte,
prabho ayam yat yuktam tat kartā iti

3. O Grandfather, I indeed held great hope (āśā) for Suyodhana. (I thought) 'O Lord, when the battle arrives, he will certainly do what is appropriate (yuktam).'

Words meanings summery:

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - This word is part of a compound 'pitāmahāśā' (hope concerning the grandfather's influence/action). (grandfather)

• आशा (āśā) - The hope (āśā) Yudhiṣṭhira had, perhaps concerning Bhishma's action. (hope, desire, expectation)

• महती (mahatī) - describing the hope (āśā). (great, large, mighty (feminine))

• मम (mama) - whose hope it was. (my, of me)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - the hope was present. (was, existed)

• हि (hi) - emphasizing the certainty of the hope. (indeed, surely, for)

• सुयोधने (suyodhane) - regarding Duryodhana, also known as Suyodhana, who was supposed to act appropriately. (in Suyodhana, concerning Suyodhana)

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the battle arrived (locative absolute construction). (having arrived, obtained, imminent (locative))

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - when the battle was at hand. (in battle, concerning battle)

• तु (tu) - introduces a contrast or continuation. (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• यत् (yat) - referring to 'what is appropriate'. (what, which, that (neuter))

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - what is fitting or correct (dharma). (joined, suitable, proper, appropriate)

• तत् (tat) - referring to 'that proper action'. (that, it)

• कर्ता (kartā) - he will do (future sense of agent noun). (doer, maker, agent)

• अयम् (ayam) - referring to Suyodhana. (this one, he (masculine))

• इति (iti) - marks the end of Yudhiṣṭhira's thought. (thus, so, indicating a quote or thought)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (addressing Bhishma). (O Lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

पितामह (pitāmaha) - This word is part of a compound 'pitāmahāśā' (hope concerning the grandfather's influence/action). (grandfather)

(noun)

of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great father, Brahmā (the creator)

Compound: pitṛ (father) + mahā (great).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+mahā)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective

Note: First member of the compound pitāmahāśā.

आशा (āśā) - The hope (āśā) Yudhiṣṭhira had, perhaps concerning Bhishma's action. (hope, desire, expectation)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āśā

āśā - hope (āśā), desire, expectation, direction

From root āś (to obtain) or ā-śī (to lie towards).

Note: Subject of āsīt, formed with pitāmaha through sandhi in the original verse.

महती (mahatī) - describing the hope (āśā). (great, large, mighty (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive, important

Feminine nominative singular of mahat.

Root: mah

मम (mama) - whose hope it was. (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Genitive singular of asmad.

आसीत् (āsīt) - the hope was present. (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of as

Imperfect active

3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: as (class 2)

हि (hi) - emphasizing the certainty of the hope. (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle of affirmation or cause.

सुयोधने (suyodhane) - regarding Duryodhana, also known as Suyodhana, who was supposed to act appropriately. (in Suyodhana, concerning Suyodhana)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of Suyodhana

Suyodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince); good warrior

From su (good) + yodhana (fighter).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (su+yodhana)

• su – good, well, excellent
  prefix/indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh (to fight) + suffix ana.
  Root: yudh (class 4)

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the battle arrived (locative absolute construction). (having arrived, obtained, imminent (locative))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived, come, attained

Past Passive Participle

From pra-āp (to obtain, reach) + suffix kta.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction (yuddhe prāpte).

युद्धे (yuddhe) - when the battle was at hand. (in battle, concerning battle)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

From root yudh (to fight) + suffix kta.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction (yuddhe prāpte).

तु (tu) - introduces a contrast or continuation. (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast or emphasis.

यत् (yat) - referring to 'what is appropriate'. (what, which, that (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is' in the relative clause.

युक्तम् (yuktam) - what is fitting or correct (dharma). (joined, suitable, proper, appropriate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, united, fit, proper, appropriate (yuktam), engaged, attentive

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join, to yoke) + suffix kta.

Root: yuj (class 7)

तत् (tat) - referring to 'that proper action'. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

कर्ता (kartā) - he will do (future sense of agent noun). (doer, maker, agent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, creator, agent

Agent noun

From root kṛ (to do, make) + suffix tṛ. Functions as a future tense verb.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as the predicate of ayam.

अयम् (ayam) - referring to Suyodhana. (this one, he (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

इति (iti) - marks the end of Yudhiṣṭhira's thought. (thus, so, indicating a quote or thought)

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle.

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (addressing Bhishma). (O Lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, ruler, mighty, powerful

From pra-bhū (to be powerful, to be present).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)