महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-125, verse-4

सर्वस्याशा सुमहती पुरुषस्योपजायते ।
तस्यां विहन्यमानायां दुःखो मृत्युरसंशयम् ॥४॥

4. sarvasyāśā sumahatī puruṣasyopajāyate ,
tasyāṁ vihanyamānāyāṁ duḥkho mṛtyurasaṁśayam.

4. sarvasya āśā sumahatī puruṣasya upajāyate
tasyām vihanyamānāyām duḥkhaḥ mṛtyuḥ asaṃśayam

4. sarvasya puruṣasya sumahatī āśā upajāyate
tasyām vihanyamānāyām duḥkhaḥ mṛtyuḥ asaṃśayam

4. A very great hope (āśā) arises in every person (puruṣa). When that hope is obstructed or shattered, death (mṛtyu) is undoubtedly a sorrowful experience.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of every person (puruṣa). (of all, of every (masculine/neuter))

• आशा (āśā) - the inherent hope (āśā) within a person. (hope, desire, expectation)

• सुमहती (sumahatī) - emphasizing the intensity of hope (āśā). (very great, very large (feminine))

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - in every human being. (of a man, of a person (puruṣa))

• उपजायते (upajāyate) - hope (āśā) comes into existence naturally. (arises, is born, occurs (middle voice))

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that hope (āśā), i.e., when that hope (locative absolute). (in that, when that (feminine))

• विहन्यमानायाम् (vihanyamānāyām) - when the hope (āśā) is in the process of being destroyed. (locative absolute) (being thwarted, being obstructed (feminine, locative))

• दुःखः (duḥkhaḥ) - death is a sorrowful thing. (sorrowful, painful, suffering (masculine))

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - the act or state of dying (mṛtyu). (death (mṛtyu))

• असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - emphasizing the certainty of death's sorrowfulness. (undoubtedly, without doubt, certainly)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of every person (puruṣa). (of all, of every (masculine/neuter))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Genitive singular of sarva.

आशा (āśā) - the inherent hope (āśā) within a person. (hope, desire, expectation)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āśā

āśā - hope (āśā), desire, expectation, direction

From root āś (to obtain) or ā-śī (to lie towards).

Note: Subject of upajāyate.

सुमहती (sumahatī) - emphasizing the intensity of hope (āśā). (very great, very large (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, excellent

From su (very) + mahat (great). Feminine nominative singular.

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  prefix/indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty, important
  adjective
  Root: mah

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - in every human being. (of a man, of a person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person (puruṣa), male, the Supreme Being (puruṣa)

Genitive singular of puruṣa.

Note: Genitive of relation ('hope of a person').

उपजायते (upajāyate) - hope (āśā) comes into existence naturally. (arises, is born, occurs (middle voice))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of jan

Present middle (ātmanepada)

From upa-jan (to be born, arise). Passive/Middle voice (ya marker). 3rd person singular present middle.

Prefix: upa

Root: jan (class 4)

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that hope (āśā), i.e., when that hope (locative absolute). (in that, when that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine locative singular.

विहन्यमानायाम् (vihanyamānāyām) - when the hope (āśā) is in the process of being destroyed. (locative absolute) (being thwarted, being obstructed (feminine, locative))

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of vihanyamāna

vihanyamāna - being struck, being killed, being injured, being thwarted, being destroyed

Present Passive Participle

From vi-han (to strike, destroy, thwart). Passive voice (ya marker) + māna suffix. Feminine locative singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

दुःखः (duḥkhaḥ) - death is a sorrowful thing. (sorrowful, painful, suffering (masculine))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery, unpleasant, difficult

Opposite of sukha.

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - the act or state of dying (mṛtyu). (death (mṛtyu))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death (mṛtyu), mortality, the god of death

From root mṛ (to die) + suffix tyu.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - emphasizing the certainty of death's sorrowfulness. (undoubtedly, without doubt, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Compound a (not) + saṃśaya (doubt). Adverbial usage.

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (a+saṃśaya)

• a – not, un-, non-
  prefix/indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• saṃśaya – doubt, suspicion, uncertainty
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-śī (to doubt, be uncertain).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Functions adverbially.