महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-103, verse-37

कृतं ममाप्रियं तेन येनायं निहतो मृधे ।
इति वाचा वदन्हन्तॄन्पूजयेत रहोगतः ॥३७॥

37. kṛtaṁ mamāpriyaṁ tena yenāyaṁ nihato mṛdhe ,
iti vācā vadanhantṝnpūjayeta rahogataḥ.

37. kṛtam mama apriyam tena yena ayam nihataḥ
mṛdhe iti vācā vadan hantṝn pūjayeta rahogataḥ

37. yena ayam mṛdhe nihataḥ tena mama apriyam
kṛtam iti vācā vadan rahogataḥ hantṝn pūjayeta

37. He by whom this one was killed in battle has caused me displeasure. Having uttered these words, one should, while in seclusion, honor the slayers.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

• मम (mama) - my, to me, for me

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, disagreeable, unkindness

• तेन (tena) - by that, by him

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• अयम् (ayam) - The slain person. (this, this one)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, struck down, slain

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in conflict

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of a quotation. (thus, so, in this way)

• वाचा (vācā) - with words, by speech

• वदन् (vadan) - speaking, saying

• हन्तृ̄न् (hantṝn) - the killers, the slayers

• पूजयेत (pūjayeta) - one should honor, he should worship, one should respect

• रहोगतः (rahogataḥ) - gone to a secluded place, being in seclusion

Words meanings and morphology

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ with kta suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate.

मम (mama) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, disagreeable, unkindness

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - not dear, unpleasant, disagreeable, an unkindness

Compound of a (negation) and priya (dear, pleasant).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence with kṛtam.

तेन (tena) - by that, by him

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agent in passive construction.

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Relative pronoun, coreferent with tena.

अयम् (ayam) - The slain person. (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of nihataḥ.

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, struck down, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ni-han with kta suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate.

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, combat, conflict

Root: mṛdh (class 1)

इति (iti) - Marks the end of a quotation. (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

वाचा (vācā) - with words, by speech

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Instrument of vadan.

वदन् (vadan) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying, telling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vad with śatṛ suffix.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject of pūjayeta.

हन्तृ̄न् (hantṝn) - the killers, the slayers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hantṛ

hantṛ - killer, slayer, destroyer

Agent noun (nomen agentis)

Derived from root han with tṛc suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of pūjayeta.

पूजयेत (pūjayeta) - one should honor, he should worship, one should respect

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of pūj

Denominative or root pūj in 10th class.

Root: pūj (class 10)

रहोगतः (rahogataḥ) - gone to a secluded place, being in seclusion

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rahogata

rahogata - gone to a lonely place, secluded, private

Compound of rahas (seclusion) and gata (gone).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rahas+gata)

• rahas – seclusion, secret, privacy
  indeclinable (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam with kta suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject of pūjayeta.